CHHS 342 UAB

The process whereby an individual or a professional preparation program meets specific established standards is known as

credentialing

The process by which an agency or government (usually a state) grants permission to individuals to practice a given profession by certifying that those individuals have attained specific standards of competence is known as

licensure

The health education specialist most responsible for initiating the Role Delineation Project was:

Helen Cleary

Which of the following was established to continue the work of the National Task Force and create a more permanent structure to coordinate and oversee the certification process?

National Commission for Health Education Credentialing

Which of the following is a requirement for an individual to sit for the CHES exam?

-Possess an official transcript demonstrating a major in health education
-Possess an official transcript reflecting at least 25 semester hours of course work addressing the 8 Areas of Responsibility and Competency for Health Educators
-Possess a bachelor's, master's, or doctoral degree from an accredited institution of higher education

The hierarchy of skills from broad to specific in the competency-based framework is

responsibilities, competencies, and sub-competencies.

Individual and collective resources that can be brought to bear for health enhancement are referred to as:

capacity

In conducting a needs assessment, data that is already available such as that obtained from a literature review is called:

secondary data

Health education specialists are often called upon to serve as:

resource persons

Which of the following is considered a component of advocating for health education?

-Supporting national initiatives that are designed to improve the profession
-Initiating and supporting legislation, rules, policies, and procedures that will enhance health
-Advocating for the profession

Which of the following is not one of the four major settings in which health education specialists usually work?

Insurance companies

The initial impetus for school health stemmed from the terrible epidemics of the 1800s and the efforts of the:

Women's Christian Temperance Movement.

"An integrated set of planned, sequential, school-affiliated strategies, activities, and services designed to promote the optimal physical, emotional, social, and educational development of students" best describes:

a coordinated school health program.

Which of the following are created by concerned citizens to deal with health needs not met by governmental agencies?

Voluntary health agencies

Which of the following is not a reason why worksites have become interested in offering employees health education programs?

The increased availability of health education specialists skilled in offering services in this setting

A major barrier that has prevented health education specialists from being used extensively in patient education is:

a lack of reimbursement for health education services from insurance companies.

Establishing and maintaining a wide range of contacts in the field that may be of help when looking for a job and in carrying out one's job responsibilities once hired. This is known as:

networking

New professionals wishing to seek jobs in health education should:

be careful of what is placed on social networking websites.

Internships and practicums give students their first real look at employment settings, but they are relatively unimportant in landing that first job. (t/f)

false

The skills needed to carry out the responsibilities of a health education specialist are similar from setting to setting. (t/f)

true

The primary means of funding the work of a voluntary health agency is through

donations

The mission of this organization is to enhance the professional practice of health education/promotion by promoting and sustaining a credentialed body of health education specialists.

The National Commission for Health Education Credentialing, Inc.

The only organization devoted solely to public health education and health promotion is the:

Society for public health education Inc

Which one of the following health agencies is a governmental health organization?

CDC

Most voluntary health agencies operate at the:

local, state, and national levels

A source that is written by people who were eyewitnesses to an event is a:

primary source

Which of these is not usually a component of a research article?

editorial

A peer-reviewed journal is one that:

features articles that have been read and recommended by a panel of experts.

Which of the following is not a question to ask when critically reading a research article?

Were the goals/aims of the study consistent with other studies?

When evaluating the accuracy of non-research-based sources, the following statement is important to consider: New information is newsworthy but may not be valid.

true

Health education specialists can assist both patients and medical organizations by:

helping patients understand their options

The Medical community tends to ignore the value of:

primary prevention

Which of the following is one of the eight new content areas that the Committee on Educating Public Health Professionals for the 21st Century recommended should be added to the curricula of individuals studying to practice public health?

genomics

Worksite health promotion programs are popular because employers want to:

increase productivity

Advocacy efforts must occur at various levels in order for health education messages to have the greatest impact on the health of populations and individuals

true

Responsibility I

Assessment of Needs and Capacity

Responsibility II

Planning

Responsibility III

Implementation

Responsibility IV

Evaluation and Research

Responsibility V

Advocacy

Responsibility VI

Communication

Responsibility VII

Leadership and Management

Responsibility VIII

Ethics and Professionalism

The organization that oversees the certification for health educators

National Commission for Health Education Credentialing

What credential is received if someone passed the CHES exam

They are now a Certified Health Education Specialist as a national credential

Criteria to sit for the CHES exam

A bachelor’s, master’s, or doctoral degree from an accredited institution of higher education.
-AND an official transcript that clearly shows a major in health education
-OR an official transcript that reflects 25 semester hours (37 quarter hours) of coursework with specific preparation addressing the Eight Areas of Responsibility and Competency for Health Educators

In summary: you have to major in something related to health education or take 25 semester hours of those classes

Quality assurance

The planned and systematic activities necessary to provide
adequate confidence that the product or service will meet given requirements

Credentialing

Process whereby an individual or a professional preparation
program meets the specified standards established by the credentialing body and is thus recognized for having done so

Accreditation

The process by which an agency or organization evaluates and
recognizes an institution as meeting certain predetermined standards

Licensure

The process by which an agency or government [usually a state]
grants permission to individuals to practice a given profession by certifying that those licensed have attained specific standards of competence (ex. teachers or medical doctors)

Certification

A process by which a professional organization grants recognition to an individual who, upon completion of a competency-based curriculum, can demonstrate a predetermined standard of performance

Institutions and programs require what type of credentialing?

Accreditation

What type of credentialing can an individual receive?

licensure (ie. teachers), registration (ie. health educators state registries), and certification (CHES)

What are the benefits of having a national certification?

-Establishes a national standard of practice.
-Attests to an individual’s knowledge and skills.
-Assists employers in identifying qualified health education practitioners.
-Develops a sense of pride and accomplishment.
-Promotes continued professional development.

What was the organization did NCHEC continue the work of to establish health education credentialing?

SOPHE/AAHE National Task Force on Accreditation in Health Education

What is the health education specialist practice analysis (HESPA)?

HESPA is meant to verify and update the health education competencies on behalf of the health education profession. The difference between 2020 and 2015 is the 2020 model has 5 areas of responsibility.

There a difference between entry level HES and more advanced HES tasks (t/f)

true

Community empowerment

refers to the process of of enabling communities to increase control over their lives

Capacity

refers to both individual and collective resources that can be brought to bear for health enhancement

Needs Assessment

A process that helps program planners determine what health problems might exist in any given group of people, what assets are available in the community to address health problems, and the overall capacity of the community to address the health issues

Competency

skills or abilities necessary for successful performance as a health education specialist

parts of a research article

abstract, introduction, methodology, results, discussion

abstract

Brief description of the study; communicates essential information.

introduction

Includes research questions or hypotheses being tested, literature review, and an explanation of the need for or significance of the study.

methodology

Includes research design, participants of study, instruments used to gather data, and administrative procedures in carrying out the study.

results

Research findings, including procedures used for data analysis

discussion

Interpretation of the results, comments on implications, presentation of limitations of the study, and recommendations for additional research

what is a literature review?

An overview of the sources used in a research article

Why does a health educator need to have a code of ethics?

It is important to uphold their professional standards as making them an educated person in their field, because most universities have open admissions and do not have a selection process

School Health

It includes classroom instruction, both the physical and social environment, health services, physical education and athletics, faculty/staff health promotion programs, counseling and psychological services, and community buy in and participation

What do you have to have to teach health in a school setting?

They must be licensed but often hold a degree in something else because there is a higher need for education in other areas than that of health

What are the different settings a health education specialist can work in?

-Schools; Public/community health agencies; Worksites; Healthcare facilities (major settings)
-Colleges and universities; International settings; Nontraditional settings (other settings)

worksite health program

A coordinated and comprehensive set of strategies which include programs, policies, benefits, environmental supports, and links to the surrounding community designed to meet the health and safety needs of all employees

responsibilities for worksite health

Conducting classes (e.g., fitness, nutrition), Conducting health screenings, Providing personal training sessions, Performing a administrative functions, such as maintaining records and equipment, writing newsletters, health fairs, and marketing the programs

What do faculty have to do in a college setting?

research, teaching, and service to community

Benefits of participating in a worksite health program

Can lessen healthcare costs and are very beneficial because workers are there nearly everyday

Governmental Agencies

-Have authority for specific duties outlined by the governing body.
-Primarily funded by tax dollars.
-Managed by government employees.
Exist at four levels:
-International agencies (e.g., World Health Organization)
-National agencies (e.g., U.S. Department of Health and Human Services)
-State agencies (e.g., state health department)
-Local agencies (e.g., local health department)

Quasi-Governmental Health Agencies

-Possess characteristics of both governmental and nongovernmental health agencies.
Obtain funding from a variety of sources:
-Community fund-raising (e.g., United Way)
-Fees for services rendered
-Donations
-Governmental agencies
-They operate independent of government.
-Best example is the American Red Cross.

American Academy of Health Behavior NG

A society of researchers and scholars in the areas of health behavior, health education, and health promotion

Non-Governmental

-Operate free from governmental interference.
-Funding sources include private donations and membership fees.
Categorized as:
- Voluntary
- Philanthropic foundations
- Service, religious, and professional agencies
-Examples: American Cancer Society, the American Heart Association, the American Lung Association, and the Alzheimer’s Association.

American Public Health Association NG

Champions the health of all people and all communities

American College Health Association NG

Founded originally as the American Student Health Association in 1920. In 1948, the name of the association was changed to its current name. ACHA's mission is to "serve as the principal leadership organization for advancing the health of college students and campus communities through advocacy, education, and research"

Society for public Health Education NG

Provides global leadership to the profession of health education and health promotion and to promote health of society

Eta sigma Gamma

The national Health Education Honorary

Which organization has a community of practice?

Society for Public Health Education, Inc. (SOPHE)

primary data

Original data gathered by the health education specialist as part of a needs assessment; this includes data gathered from telephone surveys, focus groups, and interviews

Secondary data

Preexisting data used by a health education specialist in a needs assessment

Tertiary data

Tertiary sources contain information that has been distilled and collected from primary and secondary sources; includes facts.

peer-reviewed

(or referred) journals are those that publish original manuscripts
after they have been read and approved by a panel of experts; often contain primary sources.

What should you consider when getting internet information as opposed to journal information?

-A source of much information; often the information is not peer reviewed.
-Few rules for publishing on the Internet.

CRAAP test

-Currency: The timeliness of the information.
-Relevance: The importance of the information for your needs.
-Authority: The source of the information.
-Accuracy: The reliability, truthfulness, and correctness of the content.
-Purpose: The reason the information exists.

What system do you have to use to access material for free as a student?

Independent Research library (?)

Questions to ask to critically read a research article

-Were the goals/aims of study defined in a clear manner?
-Were the research questions/hypotheses clearly stated?
-Was the description of the participants clear?
-Did the author state how the participants were recruited?
-Were the design and the location of the study described clearly?
-Were the data collection instruments described?
-Were reliability and validity reported for the instruments?
-Did the results directly address the research questions or hypotheses?
-Were the conclusions reasonable in light of the research design and data analyses performed?
-Were the findings extrapolated to a population that is similar to the population studied?
-Were the study implications meaningful to the population you serve?

Affordable Care Act

A comprehensive reform law, enacted in 2010, that increases health insurance coverage for the uninsured and implements reforms to the health insurance market

Data bases we use to search for articles

1. ERIC (education)
2. Medline (biomedicine)
3. CINAHL (nursing)
(UAB library is the best way to access 1-3)
4. Google Scholar (various)

The warning signs of social media

Social media is not monitored and free range for things to be said that can be false or misinterpreted

What is the difference between advocacy and marketing?

Customer marketing is all about retaining your existing customers. Customer advocacy is all about doing what's best for the customers.

What do you need to do to join a professional organization?

You often get to participate in meetings and the improvement of this group but often have to pay to become one (?)

What does using AND in the search box do for your search?

It will execute a search for documents that include both keywords; expansion

What does using OR in the search box do for your search?

It will narrow the scope of your search