2.1.3 nucleic acids

What is a nucleotide made up of?

pentose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base

which nitrogenous bases pair?

Adenine + Thymine, Guanine + Cytosine

how many hydrogen bonds do Adenine and Thymine form?

2

how many hydrogen bonds do cytosine and guanine form?

3

Which bases are purines?

Adenine and Guanine

which bases are pyramidines?

Cytosine and Thymine

what word ending shows a pyrimidine is bonded to a pentose sugar?

-dine

what word ending shows a purine is bonded to a pentose sugar?

-osine

What is transcription?

synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template

what is translation?

RNA to protein

What type is DNA replication?

semi-conservative

what enzyme helps two DNA strands separate?

DNA helicase

what enzyme helps phosphodiester bonds form between nucleotides to form a new daughter strand of DNA?

DNA Polymerase

which way does DNA Polymerase read on template?

from 3' to 5' end

what experiment proves semi-conservative replication?

Meselson and Stahl

What is the sense DNA strand?

same sequence as mRNA strand (not template)

What is the anti-sense strand?

DNA template strand

what enzyme helps peptide bonds form between amino acids?

Peptidyl transferase

How is the genetic code degenerate?

each amino acid (apart from 2) has several codons