Muscles List Table

BIO 047

Corrugator supercilii (action only)

Draw eyebrows together and inferiorly for frowning

Orbicularis oculi (action only)

Closes eyes

Zygomaticus, major and minor (action only)

Prime mover for smiling

Risorius (action only)

Draws corners of mouth laterally

Depressor anguli oris (action only)

Draws corners of lips downward

Orbicular oris (action only)

Closes lips

Buccinator (action only)

Compresses cheek

Platysma (action only)

Tenses skin of the neck

Masseter (O, I, and action)

O - Zygomatic bone and arch

I - Mandible

Action - Elevates mandible for jaw closure

Temporalis (O, I, and action)

O - Temporal fossa

I - Mandible

Action - Elevates mandible for jaw closure

Medial pterygoid (action only)

Side-to-side jaw movement

Lateral pterygoid (action only)

Side-to-side movement

Superior, middle, & inferior pharyngeal constrictors (action only)

Squeeze food into the esophagus

Sternocleidomastoid (O, I, and action)

O - Manubrium & clavicle

I - Mastoid process of temporal bone

Action - prime mover for head flexion

Scalenes (O, I, and action)

O - Vertebrae

I - Ribs 1 & 2

Action - Synergists for inspiration

Splenius, capitis & cervicis (action only)

Extends head

Iliocostalis (action only)

Trunk extension

Longissimus (action only)

Trunk extension

Spinalis (action only)

Trunk extension

Quadratus lumborum (action only)

Lateral flexion

External intercostals (action only)

Synergists for inspiration

Internal intercostals (action only)

Synergists for expiration

Diaphragm (action only)

Prime mover for inspiration

External oblique (action only)

Flexes vertebral column & compresses abdominal wall

Internal oblique (action only)

Flexes vertebral column & compresses abdominal wall

Transversus abdominis (action only)

Compresses abdominal contents

Rectus abdominis

Flex & rotate lumbar region

Levator ani (action only)

Supports pelvic viscera & elevates the anus superiorly

Coccygeus (action only)

Supports pelvis viscera

Pectoralis minor (O, I, and action)

O - Ribs

I - Coracoid process of scapula

Action - Depresses the shoulder

Serratus anterior (O, I, and action)

O - Ribs

I - Scapula

Action - Abduction/protraction, depression, & upward rotation of scapula

Trapezius (O, I, and action)

O - Occipital bone, vertebrae

I - Scapula, clavicle

Action - Elevation of scapula, depression of the shoulder

Levator scapulae (O, I, and action)

O - Vertebrae

I - Scapula

Action - Prime mover for elevation of scapula

Rhomboids, major and minor (O, I, and action)

O - Vertebrae

I - Scapula

Action - Downward rotation, elevation of scapula

Pectoralis major (O, I, and action)

O - Axial skeleton

I - Greater tubercle of humerus

Action - Prime mover for arm flexion & arm adduction

Deltoid (O, I, and action)

O - Pectoral girdle

I - Deltoid tuberosity

Action - PM of arm abduction

Latissimum dorsi (O, I, and action)

O - Axial skeleton

I - Humerus

Action - PM for arm extension, arm adduction

Teres major (O, I, and action)

O - Pectoral girdle

I - Humerus

Action - Synergist of arm extension & arm adduction

Teres minor (O, I, and action)

O - Lateral border of scapula

I - Greater tubercle of humerus

Action - Stabilize the glenohumeral joint

Subscapularis (O, I, and action)

O - Subscapular fossa

I - Lesser tubercle of humerus

Action - Stabilize the glenohumeral joint

Supraspinatus (O, I, and action)

O - Supraspinous fossa

I - Greater tubercle of humerus

Action - Stabilize the glenohumeral joint

Infraspinatus (O, I, and action)

O - infraspinous fossa

I - Greater tubercle of humerus

Action - Stabilize the glenohumeral joint

Triceps brachii (O, I, and action)

O - Scapula & humerus

I - Olecranon process

Action - PM for elbow (or forearm) extension

Biceps brachii (O, I, and action)

O - Scapula

I - Radial tuberosity

Action - PM for elbow (or forearm) flexion, supinates the forearm

Brachialis (O, I, and action)

O - Humerus

I - Coranoid process

Action - PM of elbow (or forearm) flexion

Brachioradialis (O, I, and action)

O - Humerus

I - Radial styloid process

Action - Synergist for forearm flexion

Pronator teres (action only)

Synergist for pronating forearm

Flexor carpi radialis (action only)

Flexes wrist

Palmaris longus (action only)

Tenses skin

Flexor carpi ulnaris (action only)

Flexes wrist

Flexor digitorum superficialis (action only)

Flexes digits

Flexor digitorum profundus (action)

Flexes digits

Pronator quadratus (action only)

PM for pronating forearm

Extensor carpi radialis, longus & brevis (action only)

Extends wrist

Extensor digitorum (action only)

Extends digits

Extensor carpi ulnaris (action only)

Extends wrists

Iliopsoas; iliacus (O, I, and action)

O - Pelvis

I - Femur

Action - PM for thigh (or hip joint) flexion

Iliopsoas; psoas major (O, I, and action)

O - Vertebral column

I - Femur

Action - PM for thigh (or hip joint) flexion

Sartorius (O, I, and action)

O - Anterior superior iliac spine

I - Tibia

Action - Synergist for thigh (or hip joint) adduction

Adductor longus (O, I, and action)

O - Coxal bone

I - Femur

Action - Adduction & medial rotation of thigh

Adductor Magnus (O, I, and action)

O - Coxal bone

I - Femur

Action - Adduction & medial rotation of thigh

Gracilis (O, I, and action)

O - Coxal bone

I - Tibia

Action - Adduction & medial rotation of thigh

Rectus femoris (O, I, and action)

O - Femur

I - Patella & tibial tuberosity

Action - Synergist for thigh flexion, lateral rotation of thigh, PM for knee extension

Vastus lateralis (O, I, and action)

O - Femur

I - Patella & tibial tuberosity

Action - PM for knee extension

Vastus medialis (O, I, and action)

O - Femur

I - Patella & tibial tuberosity

Action - PM for knee extension

Vastus intermedius (O, I, and action)

O - Femur

I - Patella & tibial tuberosity

Action - PM for knee extension

Gluteus maximus (O, I, and action)

O - Pelvis

I - Femur

Action - PM for thigh extension, medial rotation of thigh

Gluteus medius (O, I, and action)

O - Ilium

I - Femur

Action - PM for thigh abduction, medial rotatoin of thigh

Piriformis (O, I, and action)

O - Sacrum

I - Femur

Action - Lateral rotation of thigh

Quadratus femoris (O, I, and action)

O - Ischium

I - Femur

Action - Lateral rotation of thigh

Biceps femoris (O, I, and action)

O - Ischium & femur

I - Tibia & fibula

Action - PM for thigh extension, leg/knee joint flexion

Semitendinosus (O, I, and action)

O - Ischium

I - Tbia

Action - PM for thigh extension, leg/knee joint flexion

Semimembranous (O, I, and action)

O - Ischium

I - Femur & tibia

Action - PM for thigh extension, leg/knee joint flexion

Tibialis anterior (O, I, and action)

O - Tibia

I - Metatarsal 1 & medial cuneiform

Action - PM for dorsiflexion

Extensor digitorum longus (O, I, and action)

O - Tibia & fibula

I - Phalanges

Action - PM for toe extension

Extensor hallucis longus (O, I, and action)

O - Fibula

I - Distal phalanx of great toe

Action - Great toe extension

Fibularis longus (O, I, and action)

O - Fibula

I - Metatarsal 1 & medial cuneiform

Action - Plantar flexion & foot eversion

Gastrocnemius (O, I, and action)

O - Femur

I - Calcaneus

Action - Plantar flexion

Soleus (O, I, and action)

O - Tibia & fibula

I - Calcaneus

Action - Plantar flexion

Popliteus (action only)

Knee flexion

Flexor digitorum longus (action only)

Toes flexion

Flexor hallucis longus (action only)

Great toe flexion

Tibialis posterior (action only)

Foot inversion