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What was the primary response of the United States to the postwar world after World War II?

The United States assumed a position of global leadership, which had far-reaching domestic and international consequences.

What were the main movements for civil rights during the postwar period?

New movements for civil rights aimed to expand the role of government and included various cultural responses.

What were the significant societal changes in the U.S. from 1945 to 1980?

Postwar economic and demographic changes had far-reaching consequences on American culture.

Who was the Vice President under Dwight Eisenhower?

Richard Nixon

Who served as Eisenhower's Secretary of Defense?

Charles Wilson

What is modern Republicanism as defined by Eisenhower?

Eisenhower's balanced and moderate approach to governing.

What was the purpose of the Federal Highway Act?

To build interstate highways primarily for defense purposes.

Who was the influential Secretary of State that shaped U.S. foreign policy under Eisenhower?

John Foster Dulles

What is Brinkmanship?

A policy of pushing dangerous events to the edge of active conflict without actually engaging in war.

What doctrine did John Foster Dulles advocate that emphasized reliance on nuclear weapons?

Massive Retaliation.

In which country did the CIA help overthrow a government that threatened to nationalize foreign oil companies?

Iran.

How did the Korean War conclude?

With an armistice at the 38th parallel.

What is the Domino Theory?

The idea that if one nation falls to communism, neighboring nations will also fall.

Who gained control of Vietnam following the French loss of control?

Communist leader Ho Chi Minh.

In which country did the Suez Crisis occur, involving U.S. opposition to its traditional allies?

Egypt.

What was the Eisenhower Doctrine?

A pledge to provide military and economic assistance to countries resisting communism.

What organization was formed by oil-producing countries in 1960?

OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries).

What organization was created in 1958 to direct U.S. missile and space exploration efforts?

NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration).

Which country was the first to launch a satellite into orbit?

The Soviet Union.

What was the military-industrial complex, and when did Eisenhower warn about it?

The relationship between the military and defense industry; Eisenhower warned about it in 1961.

Who was the African American baseball player that broke the color barrier?

Jackie Robinson.

Which U.S. President integrated the armed forces in 1948?

Harry Truman.

What Supreme Court case established the principle of 'separate but equal'?

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896).

Which Supreme Court case ruled that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal?

Brown v. Board of Education.

Who was the Governor of Arkansas that opposed the integration of Central High School?

Orval Faubus.

What were the Little Rock Nine attempting to do?

Integrate Central High School.

How did President Eisenhower assist the Little Rock Nine?

He sent federal troops to enforce their integration.

What was the Beat Generation?

A literary and cultural movement that promoted individualism and rejected mainstream values.

Who was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama?

Rosa Parks.

What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

A civil rights protest led by Martin Luther King Jr. against racial segregation in public transportation.

What historical significance did the 1950s hold in the context of civil rights?

The decade marked significant developments in the civil rights movement and societal changes in America.