Os Clincon - MedEmergencies & SurgComplications

Vasovagal Syncope

Most common syncope due to needle anxiety, managed with Trendelenburg position.

Orthostatic Hypotension

Blood pressure drop upon standing after prolonged supine position, second most common cause of syncope.

Angina Pectoris Types

Stable, Unstable, Prinzmetal/Variant; managed with vasodilators.

Myocardial Infarction

Surgery after 6 months, epinephrine dosage varies based on patient history.

Asthma

Avoid NSAIDs, use acetaminophen; schedule appointments in late morning or afternoon.

Renal Failure

Avoid kidney-affecting drugs, schedule procedures after dialysis.

Hypertension

Precaution, manage based on blood pressure levels.

Diabetes Mellitus

Type I, Type II, hypoglycemia concern; managed with insulin and lifestyle changes.

Hyperthyroidism

Exophthalmos, Enophthalmos, avoid epinephrine to prevent thyroid storm.

Pregnancy

Concerns in oral surgery, best timing in 2nd trimester, use Cephalexin for lactating mothers.

Airway Obstruction

Management with chin tilt or jaw thrust based on cervical status.

Seizures

Grand mal, Absence, Status Epilepticus; deadliest type lasting 5 minutes.

Hyperventilation

Manage by rebreathing CO2 in a paper bag.

Air Emphysema

Air trapped subcutaneously, use surgical drills to vent air away.

Adrenal Suppression

Cortisol production affected by corticosteroids, adjust medication dosage accordingly.

Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis

Blood clot in cavernous sinuses, caused by tooth infection, managed with antibiotics.

Ludwig’s Angina

Bacterial infection involving fascial spaces, requires ER management.

Hemorrhage

Primary, Intermediate, Secondary; managed with various techniques based on timing.

Root Displacement

Common in MX molars, assess and manage based on infection and size of the root.

Soft Tissue Injuries

Mucosal flap tear, Stretch/Abrasion, Puncture Wound; prevent and manage accordingly.

Tooth Extraction Complications

Root Fracture, Tooth loss into oropharynx, Fracture of adjacent restoration; prevent and manage appropriately.