RAWS Lesson 4: Patterns of Development

The logical arrangement of ideas is known as…

pattern of development.

It helps you follow ideas easily and understand a text better. Having the ability to recognize it will help you distinguish major details from minor ones and predict ideas.

Patterns of Development

Using a ___________ to develop an idea helps to clarify and explain concepts by answering the question, “What does it mean?”

Definitions

This pattern explains the information through the use of illustrations, examples, and descriptions. It may include one or more different patterns.

Definitions

Is defined, is defined as, refers to, means, to define, to illustrate

Definition

Presents the main idea is a general statement and then provide specific and concrete examples to expound on it. Simply put, this pattern is used to provide an example of something.

Exemplification

after all, as an example, consider the folliwng, for example, for instance, in other words, in particular, in short

Exemplification

namely, put another way, specifically, stated differently, that is, to be specific, to clarify, to illustrate.

Exemplification

Provides details on the idea by using either a sesnory or spatial pattern; ideas are arranged based on one or all 5 senses.

Sensory Description

It arranges ideas by location or physical space.

Spatial Description

above, across, adjacent to, against, along, along side, amidst, around, away from, back of, behind, below, beaneath, beside.

Description

Between, beyond, bym down, farther, here, in, in front of, inside, into, near, off, on, on top of, onto, oppositw to, outside, over, throughout, to the right, undrr

Description

Organizes ideas or events according to time. It can either be in the form of a narration or a process.

Chronology or Procedure

Organizes ideas using enumeration. Unlike chronological patter, this does not have the element of time. It basically presents a series of items (facts, examples, features, reasons, and tips) that support a main idea.

Listing

about, after, afterwards, as soon as, at, at this point, before, during, eventually, finally, first, immediately

Chronology or procedure

additionally, again, along with, also, and, and then, another, as well, besides, equally important

Chronology or procedure

furter, furthermore, in addition, in the same way.

Listing

likewise, moreover, next, together with

Listing

Organizes ideas based on how events, places, people, things, and concepts are similar to or different from one another.

Compare and contrast

also, as, both, equally, in a similar fashion, in comparison, in the same way, like, likewise, similarly, to compare

Compare

although, and yet, as opposed yo, but, conversely, counter to, despite, even so, even though, in contrastm in spute of, in the meaintime.

instead, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, still, the fact remains, unlike, whereas, yet.

contrast

Organizes ideas into categories or divisions based on criteria and strandards. Can be used when classifying, people, objects, events things, places, and other iteams.

Classification and Dvision

another, another kind, classified as, final types, one kind, the first category, the last group, the next part.

Classification and Division

Organizes details based on the cause, the reason, and the result or consequence of a certain happening, This pattern may discuss the causes only, the effects only, or both.

Cause and Effect

as, because, being that, due to, for, for the reason that, in that, in view of, inasmuch as, one reason, owing to, seeing that, since

Causes

Organizes ideas into problems and proposed solutions; usually includes the 5 Ws and 1 How the problem. The other part presents the major effects of the problem, the possible solutions to address it, and the steps in implementing the solutions.

Problem-Solution

but, second, first, nonetheless, one reason for the, one solution is, one way is, the problem, the solution.

Problem-Solution

Organizes ideas to show how a set of evidence leads to a logical conclusion or argument. Specifically, this pattern presents the issue, the position, and the supporting evidence that supports the position.

Persuasion

again, for this reason, in fact, in that case, indeed, to emphasize, to repeat, truly, with this on mind

emphasizing a point

admittedly, it is that, obviously, true, assuredly, certainly, granted, it is true that, neededless to say, no doubt, obviously, of course, to be sure, true, undoubtedly, unquestionably,

conceding a point

accordingly, consequently in any event, in short, since, therefore, thus, to sum up, in summary, inevitably, on whole world, in brief, in conclusion, in essense, due to, finally, in a nutchell, all in all, as a result, as i have said.

Persuasion