Topic 5- Glorious Revolution

Bill of Rights 1689

regular, free elections, no army in peacetime, king lost prerogative powers e.g. suspending laws

limitations of Bill of Rights

king could still veto, pick his advisors, control foreign policy and statute law

Toleration Act 1689

dissenters exempt from punishment if they took Oath of Allegiance with provisions for Quakers (to deny Pope’s authority), freedom of worship, could enter public employment

impact of Toleration Act

end of Anglican supremacy as dissenters grew rapidly by 1701

limitations to Toleration Act

excluded Catholics and Jews

400 clergy deprived of their livings as they had refused to swear Oath

dissenting meetings were monitored

Mutiny Act 1689

King could not court martial without consent of parliament, had to be renewed yearly

Public Accounts Act 1690

scrutinised William’s spending, got him to reassess size of army and navy, renewed each year

limitations of Public Accounts Act

blocked by William after 1697,open to corruption so many reports weren’t completed

Triennial Act 1694

removed prerogative of dissolving parliament, William couldn’t establish long lasting support in parliament

limitations to Triennial Act

originally vetoed by William in 1692, King could grant patronage to ensure loyalty to parliament

Bank of England 1694

regained trust in state to repay debts, creation of national debt

limitations of Bank of England

1695- Recoinage Act only restored confidence in economy for a couple of years

Civil List Act 1697

put tax and military expenditure under parliament’s control, had to be renewed regularly

limitations of Civil List Act

William could still raise money through loans

Act of Settlement 1701

excluded Catholics from line of succession, monarch couldn’t leave Britain, declare war and dismiss judges without parliament’s consent

impact of Act of Settlement

end of Divine Right monarchy

limitations of Act of Settlement

monarchy was still hereditary- Mary was James’ daughter

end of Anglican supremacy

William appointed Latitudinarians as Bishops

why did William have to pass Triennial Act 1694?

needed continued support of parliament in war

how much was William’s guard reduced by?

7000 by 1698

how much did Nine Year War cost?

5 million

how many troops did Parliament give William for Nine Years War?

10,000

How did William make up for numbers for Nine Years War?

recruited 68,000 men at 2.8 million from Bank of England in 1695

How did William change taxation?

extended customs and excise duties to a wider range of goods

how effective were changes to taxation?

provided 1/4 of Crown’s income

how effective was land tax of early 1690s?

accounted for 50% of income from tax

1693 Million Loan Act

raised loan of 1 million and repayment was guaranteed from income duties as it was underwritten by parliament

1694 Tonnage Act

investors raised loan of 1.2 million to pay for war in return for creation of Bank of England

impact of financial revolution

parliament became a permanent feature of government to supply funds for war