PEDS Exam 1

What are the components of health supervision?

height, weight, development screening, vision and hearing screening, immunization, health promotion, anticipatory guide

What is the frequency of health encounters?

32 visits though 21 years without health problems with yearly after 36 months

How do we have effective communication with children?

calm but firm, introduce self and role, acknowledge child first, be at child’s eye level, age-appropriate language, be positive and honest

What is the sequence for infants?

if quiet listen to heart, lungs and abd then obtain vitals, palpate, head to toe and eyes/ears/mouth last

What is sequence for toddlers?

limit info and approach cautiously, allow child to sit on parents’ lap, use distraction, praise cooperative behavior, introduce equipment slowly, inspect body through play, ears/eyes/mouth last (yes or no questions not allowed)

What is the sequence for preschoolers?

Incorporate play, use playful techniques, simple direct language, give choices if cooperative then head too toe if not then act like you would for toddler

What is the sequence for school age children?

head to toes, include visual info, explain equipment use, elicit questions, respect privacy

What is sequence for adolescent?

privacy is important, reassure with normal body changes, examine genitalia last

What is in a pediatric assessment?

alertness, muscle tone, work of breathing, presenting appearance, body development, activity level, cooperativeness

What are hx red flags for infants?

feeding difficulties, diaphoresis (sweating), poor weight gain, decreased wet diapers (exercise tolerance/activity level, dyspnea on exertion, fainting spells)

How do you measure height for the first 2-3 years?

infantometer

What is pediatric physical growth?

infants double in 4-5 months, with triple in 12 months, toddlers quadruple weight in 2.5 years, preschoolers gain about 5 pounds a year, school aged is 3-6 a year

What is normal HR for newborn to 4 weeks?

110-160

What is normal HR for infant?

90-160

What is normal HR for toddler?

80-140

What is normal HR for preschooler?

70-120

What is normal HR for school aged?

60-110

What is normal respirations for newborn to 4 weeks?

30-60

What is normal respirations for infant and toddler?

25-30

What is normal respirations for preschooler and school age?

20-25

What is AVPU neuro assessment?

awake and alert, responds to voice, responds to painful stimuli, unresponsive

What does crackles and rales mean?

fluid

What does wheezes mean?

narrowed passage ways

What does rhonchi mean?

secretions

What does stridor mean?

obstruction

What are signs of shock in children?

cool skin, decreased peripheral pulses, delayed cap refill, decreased urine output (hypotension can be a late sign of shock)

What is the CRIES scale?

for newborns to 2 months

crying, requires O2 for saturation, increased vital signs, expression, sleepless

What is the FLACC scale?

2 months to 7 years

face, legs, activity, cry, consolability