Living Environment Exam Reveiw

Flashcards to study for my Living Environment regents exam.

Homeostasis

The ability to maintain a stable internal environment.

Circulatory system

Moves things like blood and nutrients around the body.

Endocrine systems.

Produces hormones to help with things like growth and other functions.

Ribosome function

Synthesizes proteins.

Nucleus function

The “brain” of the cell. Controls cell functions.

Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell. Carries out cellular respiration.

Diffusion (passive transport)

The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the use of energy.

Active transport

Moves molecules from low to high concentration with the use of ATP energy.

Formula for photosynthesis

Sunlight energy + CO2 + H2O ——>C6H12O6 + O2

Formula for cellular respiration

C6H12O6 + O2 ——> CO2 + H2O + ATP

How a vaccine works to protect against viruses or other pathogens

Vaccines stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight specific pathogens, typically by introducing a harmless part or imitation of the pathogen. This causes the immune system to create antibodies to fight the virus/pathogen in the future.

Asexual reproduction

is a mode of reproduction where offspring are produced from a single parent organism without the involvement of gametes, resulting in genetically identical clones.

Sexual reproduction

is a biological process involving the fusion of gametes from two parents, resulting in genetically diverse offspring.

Meiosis

is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing four genetically diverse haploid gametes.

Why genetically identical cells look different and have different functions.

Cells express different genes than others which causes differentiation.

Amount of chromosomes in a human

46