marine eco nekton pt 1 labs

protandrous hermaphrodite

change from male to female

protogynous hermaphrodite

change female to male

undifferentiated hermaphrodite

organism in a stage of development where the reproductive organs have not developed into distinct male or female gonads

why would being a protandrous hermaphrodite be detrimental to the population?

if the population of males were harvested before becoming females, the female would have no one to mate with

essential elements of the fish framework

skull, backbone (made of a series of vertebrae), 2 pairs of fins (pectoral and pelvic), also one or more dorsal fins, and one or more anal fins made of bone or cartilage attached to the rest of the skeleton.

purpose of caudal fin

provides power

purpose of pectoral and pelvic fins

to steer and brake

purpose. ofanal and dorsal fin

to stabilize the fish

when fish hatch…

they are born with no scales

fish skin is alive t or f

true

Scales grow from pockets in the

skin

As fish grows bigger, the scales grow bigger. 

number of scales stays the same

Concentric rings on scales tell us

the age of the fish

rings grow closer together in ___ than ____

winter; summer

fish skin contains cells that secrete

mucus/slime

cells are in one spot in the skin and release mucus as a layer of the surface of the skin t or f

false, the cells are spread out

the slime makes the fish slippery. purposes of the slime are:

• helps the fish slide through the water, increasing speed while reducing energy

• protects fish from fungus, bacteria, and parasitic protozoa attacks

• protects the fish from abrasion injuries

many fish have the ability to change color. to accomplish color changes, fish have specializes skin cells called…

chromatophores

Little saclike cells shape like many armed stars which are scattered through the skin in great numbers. each contains colored pigments. fish can become invisible by withdrawing the color to the ___ of the cell, or expose colors by spreading the color into the _____ of the  cell

chromatophores, center, arms

sharks swim in the direction of the

nostril that sniffed the odor first

it takes a shark between ____ to receive directionality

0.1 and 0.5 seconds

large 1st and 2nd sample, small recapture

largest population

small 1st and 2nd sample, large recapture

smallest population

otoliths

“ear-bone” organs, help with balance and orientation

dermal denticles

moe similar to human teeth than other scales

scientific name of blue mackerel

scomber australasicus

key features of blue mackerel

widely seperate dorsal fins, both dorsal and anal fins are followed by 5-6 finlets. the eyes have adipose eyelids

adipose

transparent, immoveable outer coverings on the eyes of some fish that provide protection and can have other funtions

blue mackerel grow up to

65 cm

another name for gill filaments of bony fishes

primarely lamellae

highly active fish have ____ gills while less active fish have _____

well developed; smaller gill filaments

All fish have scales t or f

false, some fish don’t have scales

placoid scales

sharks

cosmoid scales

coelecanths, extinct lobe-fnned fish

ganoid

primitive, bony fish (gars, boywfins, sturgeons)

cycloid scales

salmon trout carp

fish with more than one type of scale

flounder

spiracle in sharks

take in water