Chapter 3 Lesson 1: Energy Flow in Ecosystems

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Last updated 5:32 AM on 6/28/26
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30 Terms

1
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biotic factor
A living part of an environment, such as a plant, animal, or bacterium.
A living part of an environment, such as a plant, animal, or bacterium.
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abiotic factor
A nonliving part of an environment, such as soil, sunlight, air, or water.
A nonliving part of an environment, such as soil, sunlight, air, or water.
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ecosystem
All the living and nonliving things interacting in a specific environment.
All the living and nonliving things interacting in a specific environment.
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population
A group of one species living in the same area at the same time.
A group of one species living in the same area at the same time.
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community
All the different populations of living things that live in an ecosystem.
All the different populations of living things that live in an ecosystem.
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food chain
A path showing how energy and nutrients move through an ecosystem.
A path showing how energy and nutrients move through an ecosystem.
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Sun
The original energy source for almost all organisms on Earth.
The original energy source for almost all organisms on Earth.
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producer
An organism that uses sunlight to make sugar and oxygen.
An organism that uses sunlight to make sugar and oxygen.
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photosynthesis
The process producers use to make sugar from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.
The process producers use to make sugar from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.
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consumer
An animal that eats plants or other animals for energy.
An animal that eats plants or other animals for energy.
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herbivore
A consumer that eats only plants or other producers.
A consumer that eats only plants or other producers.
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carnivore
A consumer that eats other animals for energy.
A consumer that eats other animals for energy.
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omnivore
A consumer that eats both plants and animals for energy.
A consumer that eats both plants and animals for energy.
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decomposer
An organism that breaks down dead or decaying plant and animal material.
An organism that breaks down dead or decaying plant and animal material.
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scavenger
A consumer that eats dead animals it did not hunt or kill.
A consumer that eats dead animals it did not hunt or kill.
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heat
Energy that leaves an organism's body after it has been used.
Energy that leaves an organism's body after it has been used.
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food web
A network of connected food chains that share common links.
A network of connected food chains that share common links.
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predator
A living thing that hunts and kills other living things for food.
A living thing that hunts and kills other living things for food.
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prey
A living thing that is hunted and eaten by a predator.
A living thing that is hunted and eaten by a predator.
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top carnivore
A predator at the highest level of a food web.
A predator at the highest level of a food web.
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energy pyramid
A diagram showing how much energy is available at each ecosystem level.
A diagram showing how much energy is available at each ecosystem level.
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energy transfer
The movement of energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem.
The movement of energy from one organism to another in an ecosystem.
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red tide
A sudden large growth of single-celled algae in coastal water.
A sudden large growth of single-celled algae in coastal water.
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algae
A water-based producer that can make food using sunlight.
A water-based producer that can make food using sunlight.
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secondary consumer
A consumer that eats another consumer, such as a mouse-eating hawk.
A consumer that eats another consumer, such as a mouse-eating hawk.
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trophic level
A feeding level in a food chain or energy pyramid.
A feeding level in a food chain or energy pyramid.
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primary consumer
A consumer that eats producers, such as plants or algae.
A consumer that eats producers, such as plants or algae.
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carbon dioxide
A gas used by producers to make sugar during photosynthesis.
A gas used by producers to make sugar during photosynthesis.
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nutrients
Materials living things need to grow and carry out life processes.
Materials living things need to grow and carry out life processes.
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stable ecosystem
An ecosystem where populations stay balanced over time.
An ecosystem where populations stay balanced over time.