Seminar Exam I

___ is when “multiple health workers from different professional backgrounds work together with patients, families, carers (caregivers), and communities to deliver the highest quality of care.”

interprofessional collaboration

Through ___ individuals can better understand the importance of each health professional’s unique skill set and provide patients vastly improved healthcare experience.

interprofessional collaboration

There must be an element of ___: a discussion concerning how each professional’s role and strengths can be integrated to provide better care as a whole.

intentional and cross-functional collaboration

The healthcare community investigated their practices and found they could potentially decrease medical errors by ___ between teams and by encouraging collaboration.

sharing information and responsibilities

Through this dedication to sharing knowledge and duties, the medical community found that ___ improves patient outcomes and their rate of satisfaction, saves costs, and even raises the job satisfaction of medical caregivers.

interprofessionalism

What do the following professional organizations have in common?

Dentistry

Nursing

Pharmacy

Public Health

Allopathic & Osteopathic medicine (MD/DO)

endorse IPEC

These are the ____

• Mutual respect of values and ethics

• An understanding of everyone’s roles and responsibilities 

• Frequent communication between patients, families, communities, and professionals in health and other fields

• Application of relationship values to perform and collaborate effectively in different team roles

core domains of IPEC

___: Recognizes that we simultaneously send and receive messages → always sending and receiving messages (verbal & non verbal)

transactional model

Echo communication- repeat order back to MD, Teach back method, and Active listening all are ___

characteristics of positive communication skills

The following are ____

– Open communication 

– Non-punitive environments 

– Clear direction

– Clear and known roles and tasks for team members 

– Consideration of all ideas

characteristics of effective teams

__: Diagnose and treat injuries or illnesses; examine patients; take medical histories; prescribe medications; order, perform, and interpret diagnostic tests; counsel patients on diet, hygiene, and preventive health care.

MD

__: Diagnosis of disease, treatment, prescription, operation, Patient education

APRN

___: CANNOT- order an IV solution (can only mix and initiate), medication (clarify and administer), or labs (obtain labs), perform surgery (assist), intubate (assist with maintenance and suctioning), or pronounce death of a patient (be present while provider gives bad news)

RN

__:  protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, facilitation of healing, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations.

Nursing

__ can:

• Perform physical exams and take health histories before making decision

• Provide health promotion, counseling, and education

• Administer medications and other interventions

• Coordinate care in collaboration with other health care professionals

RN

__: help patients with daily functions, such as eating and bathing

CNA

___: perform basic nursing functions, such as administering medication, updating patient health records, and assisting nurses

LPNs

__ define the behaviors that are expected of a professional in their role. They can include activities such as communication, collaboration, ethics, education, and leadership → Reflect how the professional nurse adheres to the standards of practice, completes the nursing process, and addresses other nursing practice and issue

professional performance standards

__ can help ensure that professionals maintain competence and accountability for their actions. They can also help identify areas for improvement and promote patient and workplace safety. 

professional performance standards

__: fairness

principles of justice

__: do good

beneficence

__: do no harm

nonmaleficence

__: responsibility for your own actions

accountability

__: loyalty

fairness

__: truth

veracity

The ___ include:

• principles of justice

• Beneficence

• Nonmaleficence

• Accountability

• Fidelity

• Autonomy

• veracity

• Responsibility

A(n) ___ is a type of injury that most frequently is due to an error in medical or surgical treatment rather than the underlying medical condition of the patient.

adverse event

__ may be preventable when there is a failure to follow accepted practice at a system or individual level

adverse events

__ can lead to:

• Unintended injury

• Prolonged hospitalization

• Physical disability that results from medical or surgical patient management

• Complications from prolonged hospitalization

adverse event

Occurs due to error or failure to apply an accepted strategy for prevention

Preventable adverse event

Events that, while not preventable, could have been less harmful if care had been different

Ameliorable adverse event

Events that could not have been reasonably prevented give the current state of knowledge

Unpreventable adverse event

The failure to complete the intended plan of action or implementing the wrong plan to achieve an aim.

Medical error

The following are examples of ___

• Burns

• Equipment failure

• Falls

• Improper transfusions

• Misdiagnosis

• Mistaken patient identities

• Pressure ulcers

Medical error

An error that was intercepted // An unintended event which causes no harm

near miss

The following example is considered ___

Ex; Wrong medication administration

near miss

Any unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury

Sentinel event

The following example is considered ___

Ex; paralyzing a patient

sentinel event

___:  explains the order in which a Medical Error can occur by things "slipping through the cracks" (aka the medical staff hierarchy) and finally reaching the patient

Swiss cheese model

__ is one that fails to achieve the intended outcome. The act of omission or commission may contribute to an unintended sequences

execution failure —> unintended action

The following example is considered ___

Ex; not strapping a patient into a wheelchair prior to patient transfer

execution failure —> unintended action

__ are errors of the commission occur as a result of the wrong action taken

execution failure —> intended actions

The following example is considered ___

Ex; administering a medication to which a patient has a known allergy or not labeling a laboratory specimen that is subsequently ascribed to the wrong patient

execution failure —> intended action

___: are accidents waiting to happen

latent error

poor handwashing, incomplete information, unclear labeling, high workload are all examples of ____

latent errors

__ is the actual event that results in harm/causes catastrophe.

Active error

___ is used to identify the causative factors that underlie variations in performance, sentinel event triggers an investigation that identifies cause and improves systems

Root cause analysis

__ is required healthcare institutions to do a root cause investigation after any sentinel event

Joint commission

__ has sponsored many patients safety research and implementation projects to prevent and reduce medical errors

AHRQ

__ is failure to meet the reasonably expected standard of care of an average, qualified healthcare worker looking after a patient in questions with similar circumstances.

negligence

The following is an example of ___:
Ex; Misdiagnosing patients or failing to diagnose them. Botched anesthesia or botched surgery, including leaving surgical instruments inside a patient. Delayed diagnosis.

negligence

__ refers to negligence, misconduct, lack of ordinary skill, or a breach of duty in the performance of a professional service (as in medicine) resulting in injury or loss.

malpractice

Most malpractice claims in hospitals are related to __.

surgical errors

Most claims for outpatient care are related to __

missed or late diagnosis

The following are ___

American society of safety professionals

OSHA ( Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

National Safety Council 

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

organizations and agencies that promote safety

__ are a subset of patient safety incidents that are preventable and so serious that they should never happen.

never events

__ : Failure to meet the reasonably expected standard of care of an average, qualified healthcare worker looking after a patient in questions with similar circumstances.

never events

operating on the wrong patient or incompatible blood transfusion are examples of __

never events