Copy of 11.11.24 Lesson Slides with Urbanization and Urban Sprawl Notes

What is urbanization?

The process by which people move from rural areas to urban areas and society adapts to this change, leading to increased access to resources like electricity, sanitation, and education.

What are the causes and impacts of urban sprawl?

Urban sprawl is caused by unregulated growth, a preference for suburban living, and increased car usage. It has negative impacts including habitat loss, increased pollution, and reliance on cars, while also leading to challenges for municipal resources.

What historical developments and factors accelerated urbanization?

The creation of villages, agricultural food surpluses, and the Industrial Revolution provided new job opportunities that attracted people to urban areas. Other factors include climate, access to water, economic booms, and advances in technology.

What is city planning and its objectives?

City planning is a process that guides land use to promote resource efficiency, community functionality, and preservation of natural beauty. It includes zoning regulations, smart growth principles, and strategies to manage urban sprawl.

What is the theory of smart growth and its main components?

Smart growth focuses on concentrated development in compact areas to avoid sprawl, featuring walkable neighborhoods, diverse transportation options, and preserving green spaces. It aims to build community and ensure sustainability.

What are the advantages and challenges of mass transit in urban areas?

Mass transit offers environmental benefits, reduces traffic congestion, and increases accessibility. However, challenges include high costs of implementation, the need for upgrades in car-dependent cities, and the difficulty of reaching spread-out populations.

What was one major outcome of suburbanization post-World War II?

Suburbanization led to city center decline, characterized by job losses, decreased tax revenues, and cultural divides between city and suburban populations.

What is gentrification, and what impact does it have on urban neighborhoods?

Gentrification is the process of revitalizing urban neighborhoods that often leads to the displacement of low-income residents due to rising property values.

What are zoning laws and their importance in urban planning?

Zoning laws designate specific land parcels for purposes like residential, commercial, and industrial use to enhance community functionality and livability, promoting organized development.

How does urbanization relate to economic wealth and quality of life?

Urbanization is linked to economic wealth as urban areas typically offer better access to services and opportunities, improving living standards and overall quality of life.

How can urban areas promote sustainability?

Urban areas can promote sustainability through efficient public transit, energy-efficient buildings, the use of renewable resources, and waste reduction practices.

What is the relationship between urbanization and climate change?

Urbanization contributes to climate change through increased greenhouse gas emissions from transportation and energy use, while also creating heat islands that exacerbate warming.

What strategies are used for disaster resilience in urban planning?

Disaster resilience strategies in urban planning include risk assessment, infrastructure upgrades, community preparedness programs, and sustainable land use practices.

What are the benefits of affordable housing in urban areas?

Affordable housing increases access to essential services, promotes social integration, reduces homelessness, and contributes to economic diversity.

What is transit-oriented development (TOD)?

Transit-oriented development (TOD) aims to create compact, walkable communities centered around high-quality public transit systems to minimize car dependency.

What is the main driver of urban growth?

The main driver of urban growth is the migration of people from rural to urban areas in search of better economic opportunities.

How does urbanization affect social structures?

Urbanization can lead to more complex social structures, including diverse populations with varied cultural backgrounds and social problems.

What role do public spaces play in urban areas?

Public spaces enhance community interaction, promote social cohesion, and provide areas for recreation and relaxation.

What is one key benefit of mixed-use development?

Mixed-use development promotes accessibility by integrating residential, commercial, and recreational spaces, reducing the need for transportation.

How can urban parks contribute to public health?

Urban parks provide green spaces that encourage physical activity, reduce stress, and improve mental well-being.

What is the significance of historical preservation in urban planning?

Historical preservation safeguards cultural heritage, enhancing community identity and attracting tourism.

What are the challenges of affordable housing in cities?

Challenges include rising property values, limited land availability, and political opposition from local communities.

How does transportation infrastructure impact urban development?

Transportation infrastructure facilitates movement, influencing land use patterns and economic growth in urban areas.

What is the impact of climate change on urban planning?

Urban planners must incorporate climate resilience strategies to address risks such as flooding, heatwaves, and resource scarcity.

What is the role of community engagement in urban planning?

Community engagement ensures that urban planning reflects the needs and desires of residents, leading to more effective and accepted outcomes.