Vital Signs 1 and Thermoregulation

Flashcards covering the fundamentals of monitoring vital signs, temperature measurement, and the physiological mechanisms of heat regulation.

Baseline Vital Signs

The initial set of vital signs taken when a patient arrives at the ER, used as a reference point to compare the effects of all subsequent treatments.

Vital Sign Frequency (Emergency)

Vitals taken as often as every $2$ minutes on a monitor, but more frequently at least every $15$ minutes in an emergency setting.

Med Surg Vital Frequency

The standard schedule for taking vital signs on a medical-surgical unit, typically performed every $4$ hours.

Core Temperature

The true internal temperature of the body, distinct from surface temperatures measured at the forehead, ear, tongue, or axilla.

Rectal Temperature

The only core temperature measurement method performed by nurses who are not in advanced practice.

Normal Temperature Range

The standard body temperature range of $96.8^{\circ}F$ to $100.4^{\circ}F$, which can be lower in elderly patients.

Hyperthermia

A condition occurring when body temperature rises above $100.4^{\circ}F$, with specific concern as it reaches $102^{\circ}F$.

Hypothalamus

The part of the brain that regulates temperature; its function may be impaired by a brain injury, leading to extremely high or low temperatures.

Conduction

The transfer of heat through direct contact, described by the phrase "heat to the seat."

Convection

The transfer of heat away from the body by the movement of air.

Circadian Rhythm (Temperature)

The body's daily cycle where temperature reaches its lowest point between $1\,AM$ and $4\,AM$.