Lecture 34: Blood Vessels and Blood (Reading 3)

What are the 2 main components of blood

Plasma and Formed ( Cellular ) Elements

Plasma

liquid part of blood that carries nutrients, hormones ,and waste

What are the three formed ( cellular ) elements in Blood

Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Function of RBC

carry oxygen

Function of WBC

fight infection

Function of Platelets

Help with blood clotting

What makes up majority of plasma

Water (92%)

What are the three main plasma proteins

albumin, globulins (alpha, beta, gamma), and fibrinogen.

Function of Albumin

Transport fatty acids and steroids

Function of Globulins gamma

Helps with immune response

Function of Globulins alpha and beta

transports lipids, iron, fat-soluble vitamins (A…

Function of Fibrinogen

Helps with clots

Can some plasma proteins act as hormones ?

Yes

other word for RBC

erythrocytes

other word for WBCs

leukocytes

other word for platelets

thrombocytes

What is the normal count percentage for male hematocrit

42-52%

What is the normal range percentage of blood count of hematocrit in females

32-47%

Hemopoiesis or Hematopoiesis

The process of making blood cells in bone marrow

Why are RBCs concave, thin, and flexible

To increase surface area, fit through narrow capillaries, and allow efficient gas exchange

What is an immature RBS called

reticulocyte

Spectrin

A cytoskeletal protein

Why is spectrin important

helps RBCs stay flexible and keep shape

Erthropoiesis

production of RBCs

Where is iron stored in the body

Stored as ferritin in bone marrow, spleen, and liver

What detects low oxygen (hypoxia) in the body

kidneys

What do kidneys release in response to hypoxia

erythropoietin (EPO)

What does erythropoietin (EPO) do

stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow

If your hemtocrit blood count percentage is lower than normal what is it called

Anemia

If your hemotcrit blood count percentage is higher than normal what is it called

Polycythemia

Nutritional anemia is caused by

lack of essential nutrients ex: iron, B12

What is Prenicious anemia caused by

vitamin B12 deficiency

Aplastic anemia is caused by

Bone marrow failure

Renal anemia is caused by

chronic kidney disease

Hemorrhagic anemia is caused by

Acute or chronic blood loss

Hemolytic anemia is caused by

premature destruction of RBCs