Nucleic Acids

glutamine, aspartate, bicarbonate

three precursors of pyrimidines

aspartate, glycine, glutamine, fomate, carbon dioxide

five precursors of purines

inosine monophosphate

parent purine nucleotide

orotidine monophosphate

parent pyrimidine nucleotide

xanthine oxidase

enzyme responsible for uric acid production

de novo

synthesis of nucleotides from scratch

salvage

synthesis of nucleotides from already-made bases

tyrosine

precursor of catecholamines

tyrosine

precursor of thyroxine

tyrosine

precursor of melanin

tryptophan

precursor of melatonin

tryptophan

precursor of serotonin

histidine

precursor of histamine

arginine

precursor of nitric oxide

glutamate

precursor of GABA

serine

precursor of choline

lysine

precursor of carnitine

valine and cysteine

precursor of 6-aminopenicillanic acid

E, C, G

glutathione is a tripeptide consisting of what amino acids

accumulation of phe

when phenylalanine hydroxylase is lacking, then there will be

accumulation of val, ile, leu

when branched chain-ketoacid dehydrogenase is lacking, then there will be

accumulation of ammonia (cannot be converted to urea)

when there is lack of arginase, there will be

melanin

when there is lack of tyrosinase, there will also be lack of

carbamoyl phosphate

form of ammonia before entering the urea cycle

serine and threonine

only amino acids that are deaminated DIRECTLY

oxidative deamination

common form of deamination for amino acids

pyruvate

partner ketoacid of alanine

alanine

partner aminoacid of pyruvate

oxaloacetate

partner ketoacid of aspartate

aspartate

partner amino acid of oxaloacetate

a-kg

partner ketoacid of glutamate

glutamate

partner aminoacid of a-kg

glutamine

common form of amino acid that brings nitrogen from tissues to the liver

liver

site of ammonia and urea synthesis

glucuronidation

metabolic reaction done to improve excretion of bilirubin

urea

final product of protein metabolism

uric acid

final product of purine metabolism

bilirubin

final product of heme metabolism

succinyl-CoA and glycine

starting materials of heme synthesis

E4P and PEP

starting materials for synthesis of aromatic amino acids