Lecture 2: Ethical and cultural foundations of psychology

What is supported decision-making in psychological research?

Supported decision-making is a process where individuals, especially those from vulnerable groups, are given help to understand information and make their own informed choices. It respects their autonomy and agency.

Why is supported decision-making significant in research?

t empowers individuals to participate in research on their own terms, ensuring their choices are informed, voluntary, and respected. This promotes dignity and reduces the risk of exploitation.

How does supported decision-making empower individuals?

It allows people to understand their options with assistance (e.g., simplified info, a support person), so they can make informed decisions that reflect their own values and preferences.

What are some strategies to facilitate supported decision-making?

Strategies include using plain language, visual aids, involving trusted support people, checking understanding regularly, and allowing extra time for decisions.

What are the ethical considerations in involving vulnerable populations in research?

Researchers must protect participants' rights, dignity, and well-being. This includes minimising harm, ensuring genuine informed consent, and creating safe, respectful environments.

What is informed consent?

Informed consent is when a participant voluntarily agrees to take part in a study after being fully informed of its purpose, risks, benefits, and their rights. It is key to ethical research.

Why is informed consent especially important for vulnerable populations?

Because these groups may face barriers to understanding or decision-making, extra care must be taken to ensure they truly understand and agree to participate without pressure or confusion.

What are the challenges in balancing autonomy and protection in research?

Researchers must respect a person’s right to choose (autonomy), while also protecting them from harm if they’re vulnerable. Too much protection can be paternalistic; too little can be risky.

What guidelines help ensure ethical treatment of vulnerable populations?

Guidelines include using ethics committees, applying supported decision-making, tailoring consent processes, offering ongoing support, and ensuring equal opportunity to participate fairly and safely.