Contemporary Psychology Approaches Study Guide

psychoanalysis

studies how unconscious motives and conflicts determine human behavior

psychoanalysis person

Sigmund Freud

behaviorism

analyze how organisms learn or modify their behavior based on their response to environment

behaviorism person

watson, skinner, pavlov

humanism

hierarchy of needs, looking at the human as a whole individual

humanism person

maslow

cognitive

studies how we process, store, retrieve, and use information and how our thought processes influence our behavior

cognitive person

piaget

biological

emphasizes the impact of biology on behavior, how the body and the mind are related in behavior

sociocultural

concerned with the social and cultural influences on behavior, how society affects development and behavior

hierachy of needs first level

physiological needs - food and water

hierarchy of needs second level

safety and security needs

hierachy of needs third level

love and belonging

hierarchy of needs fourth level

esteem needs

hierachy of needs fifth level

self actualization

id

primal urges, pleasure seeking thoughts

ego

manages the id and superego

superego

place of morality and ethics

concious

actively thinking about

pre-concious

part of the mind you are not fully aware of but has accessible thoughts

unconcious

part of the brain that is inaccessible by the concious mind but still influences behavior (cause of freudian slips)

sensorimotor

birth to 2 years

sensorimotor skills

senses, motor skills, taste

preoperational

2 to 7 years

preoperational skills

imagination, fine motor skills, categorize

concrete operational

7 to 11 years

concrete operational skills

logic reasoning

formal operational

11 and up

formal operational skills

ability to understand abstract concepts

classical conditioning

pavlov's dogs, learning through association

operant conditioning

actions that are followed by reinforcement

positive reinforcement

adding/giving, giving a treat for correct behavior

negative reinforcement

taking away, taking away phone for misbehaving

Ivan Pavlov - Pavlov's dogs

1. Rang a tuning fork each time he gave a dog food

2. The dog salivvated

3. Dog would eventually salivate when it heard the tuning fork even if no fod appeared

4. associated the sound of the bell to food

5. Experiments explains how the behavioral differences among individuals are the result of learning

psychoanalysis

studies how unconscious motives and conflicts determine human behavior

psychoanalysis person

Sigmund Freud

behaviorism

analyze how organisms learn or modify their behavior based on their response to environment

behaviorism person

watson, skinner, pavlov

humanism

hierarchy of needs, looking at the human as a whole individual

humanism person

maslow

cognitive

studies how we process, store, retrieve, and use information and how our thought processes influence our behavior

cognitive person

piaget

biological

emphasizes the impact of biology on behavior, how the body and the mind are related in behavior

sociocultural

concerned with the social and cultural influences on behavior, how society affects development and behavior

hierachy of needs first level

physiological needs - food and water

hierarchy of needs second level

safety and security needs

hierachy of needs third level

love and belonging

hierarchy of needs fourth level

esteem needs

hierachy of needs fifth level

self actualization

id

primal urges, pleasure seeking thoughts

ego

manages the id and superego

superego

place of morality and ethics

concious

actively thinking about

pre-concious

part of the mind you are not fully aware of but has accessible thoughts

unconcious

part of the brain that is inaccessible by the concious mind but still influences behavior (cause of freudian slips)

sensorimotor

birth to 2 years

sensorimotor skills

senses, motor skills, taste

preoperational

2 to 7 years

preoperational skills

imagination, fine motor skills, categorize

concrete operational

7 to 11 years

concrete operational skills

logic reasoning

formal operational

11 and up

formal operational skills

ability to understand abstract concepts

classical conditioning

pavlov's dogs, learning through association

operant conditioning

actions that are followed by reinforcement

positive reinforcement

adding/giving, giving a treat for correct behavior

negative reinforcement

taking away, taking away phone for misbehaving

Ivan Pavlov - Pavlov's dogs

1. Rang a tuning fork each time he gave a dog food

2. The dog salivvated

3. Dog would eventually salivate when it heard the tuning fork even if no fod appeared

4. associated the sound of the bell to food

5. Experiments explains how the behavioral differences among individuals are the result of learning