Acid and titrations

Acid definition

A proton donor

Base definition

Proton acceptor

Strong acids

Strong acids fully ionise in water e.g hydrochloric acid

Weak acids

partially ionise in water e.g ethanoic acid

Alkali definition

A base dissolved in water

Salts and Neutralisation

Salt: formed from reactions between acid and bases.

Neutralisation:

Acid + Base —> salt + H2O

Acid + carbonate —> salt + H2O + CO2

What does acid and metal/oxide form?

Acid + metal —> salt + H2

Acid + metal oxide —> salt + water

Purpose of titration

Allows us to find the concentration of an acid/base. Finding the titre of one solution and using conc=mol/vol to find concentration.

Dilutions (same mol)

Titre= x

Flask= 250cm3

1) mol of acid

2) dilute conc by dividing by 250

3) mol of acid in titre (x by titre)

4) ratio 1:1 so conc of desired can be calculated by mol/vol

Dilutions(different ratio)

1) mol of known substance.

2) ratio e.g 2:1

3) molx250/titre = mol of unknown.

4) conc = mol/vol

uncertainty x No of readings/ amount measured x100