joints of head + neck

temporomandibular joint type

type: synovial, modified hinge with articular disc

temporomandibular joint articulations

articulating bones: mandibular condyle, mandibular fossa, articular tubercle of temporal bone

temporomandibular joint ligaments

ligaments:

• lateral temporomandibular ligament

• stylomanidbular ligament

• sphenomandibular ligament

atlanto-occipital joint type

type: synovial, condyloid/ellipsoidal

atlanto-occipital joint movements

movements: flexion/extension, lateral flexion

atlanto-occipital joint articulations

articulating bones: occiptial condyles, superior articular facets of atlas (C1)

atlanto-occipital joint ligaments

ligaments

• anterior atlantooccipital membrane

• posterior atlantoociptial membrane

• tectorial membrane

anterior atlantooccipital membrane is a continuation of…

anterior longitudinal ligament

posterior atlantooccipital membrane is a continuation of…

ligamentum flavum

tectorial membrane is a continuation of…

posterior longitudinal ligament

atlanto-axial (medial) joint type

type: synovial, pivot

atlanto-axial (lateral) joint type

type: synovial, plane/gliding

atlanto-axial joint movements

movements: rotation of the head

atlanto-axial (medial) joint articulations

articulating bones:

• dens of C2

• anterior arch of C1

• transverse ligament of C1

atlanto-axial (lateral) joint articulations

articulating bones

• inferior articular facets of C1

• superior articular facets of C2

atlanto-axial joint ligaments

ligaments

• transverse ligament of atlas

• cruciate ligament

• alar ligament

• apical ligament of dens

• tectorial membrane

• anterior atlanto-axial membrane

• posterior atlanto-axial membrane