White Blood Cell Neoplasia Practice Flashcards

A set of 20 vocabulary flashcards covering white blood cell development, lymph node morphology, and various neoplastic disorders like leukemia and lymphoma.

Liver

The chief site of blood cell formation until just before birth.

Bone Marrow

The site that is hematopoietically active at birth.

Pluripotent stem cell

The precursor cell from which all blood cells are derived.

Lymphoid follicles

The area in the periphery of a lymph node containing B-cells.

Parafollicular

The region of the lymph node where T-cells are located.

Medullary cords

The area in the center of the lymph node containing plasma cells and macrophages within medullary sinuses.

Leukopenia

A condition characterized by decreased circulating WBCs due to reduced production or accelerated destruction.

Leukocytosis

An increased circulating number of mature non-neoplastic WBCs.

Lymphadenitis

Inflammation of the lymph nodes, which can be acute or chronic.

Lymphadenopathy

Enlarged or swollen lymph nodes that can occur independent of lymphadenitis.

Leukemia

Neoplastic disorders of uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by the replacement of bone marrow with malignant cells.

Lymphocytic leukemia

A type of leukemia derived from the lymphoid stem cell, involving T cells and B cells.

Myelogenous leukemia

A type of leukemia derived from the myeloid stem cell, involving granulocytes, monocytes, and megakaryocytes.

Acute Leukemias

Disorders presenting with immature neoplastic cells called leukemic blasts due to a block in stem cell differentiation.

Chronic Leukemias

Disorders characterized by more well-differentiated, mature leukocytes, predominantly granulocytes, often with an insidious onset.

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

A condition representing $90\%$ of all childhood leukemias where transformed B-lymphocytes are myeloperoxidase negative.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

A condition representing $90\%$ of adult acute leukemias, typically occurring in the age range of $15-40\,\text{yr}$.

Auer Rod

A positive histological marker found in cases of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).

Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome

A chromosomal translocation resulting in the $bcr-c-abl$ gene, specifically associated with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML).

Blast crisis

An advanced phase occurring in $50\%$ of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) cases.