DNA Replication

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10 Terms

1
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1st step of DNA replication

Helicase unwinds the double helix, creating a replication fork.

2
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2nd step of DNA replication

Single-strand binding proteins (SSBs) coat the separated strands to keep them apart

3
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4
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3rd step of DNA replication

Primase lays down short RNA primers on each template strand (DNA polymerases need a 3′-OH start point).

5
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4th step of DNA replication

DNA polymerase extends from each primer, adding nucleotides 5′ → 3′

6
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5th step of DNA replication

The leading strand is synthesized continuously toward the fork.

7
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6th step of DNA replication

The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously away from the fork in short Okazaki fragments.

8
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7th step of DNA replication

As the replication fork opens further, primase repeatedly adds new RNA primers on the lagging strand. DNA polymerase then extends each primer, forming multiple Okazaki fragments one after another.

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8th step of DNA replication

Once fragments are built, the RNA primers are removed and replaced with DNA to ensure the strand is entirely DNA.

10
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9th step of DNA replication

DNA ligase seals the gaps between Okazaki fragments, joining them into a continuous strand.