LAB PRACTICAL TEST qa

(no true body cavity) lack coelem (body cavity) between digestive tract and body cavity

ascoelmate

(body cavity between mesoderm and ectoderm)digestive tract lined by endoderm and body cavity partially lined by mesoderm

Pseudocoelamate –

pseudocoelamate example

ex round worm

ascolemate exmaple

ex flatworms

–reduced body canciuty with true coelem completly lines by mesodermla tissue

Eucoelomate

eucoelomate example

ex arthropod 

what is spicules

skeletal elements of sponges 

fungi

fuzzy appearance created by hyphae

SDA - it grows fungi because it’s acidic or MEA with antibiotics

a spirilla b bacillis c cocci

Bacteria and eubacteria

1. Prokaryotic; No membrane bound organelles; One circular chromosome, and smaller ribosomes.

a. purple diplococcus gram positive

B red streptobacillus gram negative

1. spirillum does not form clusters or chains)

Zone of inhibition - shows effectiveness of antibiotic by showing where bacteria grows or doesn’t

B

Antibiotic - antibacterial that kill or slow the growth of bacteria taken orally or topically

Antiseptic - antibacterial applied to living tissue

Disinfectant - antibacterial applied to inanimate object

Horizontal gene flow- conjugation

Euglena- excavata

Mixotroph

Desmids- archaeplastida

Isthumus between semi cell

Volvox- archaeplastida

a. Coenobium

B colonial photoautotroph

Diatom - SAR clade

Silica

Paramecium- SAR -ciliate

Unicellular free living heterotroph

Amoeba - unikonta

Pseudopodia , cytoplasmic streaming

Spirogyra - archaeplastida

Filamentous

I. Foliose- lichen

Ii. Fruticose lichen

B. Ascomycota

Fungus and green algae or Cyanobacteria

Mutualistic

• a) Bryophytes,

• b) Moss, Hornwort, Liverwort,

• c) Small, nonvascular, and
  they require water for fertilization

• a) sporophyte (diploid)

• ; b) Gametophyte (haploid)

  gametophyte

1. Sporophyte

2. Homosporous haploid spores

1. Berry, a) exocarp, b) seed; c) mesocarp, d)endocarp, e) placenta

2. Legume; a) endosperm cotyledon; b and c) embryonic structures, d) seed coat

1. Mean= average, median = middle most data point, mode = most
   frequently occurring value

2. a oranges - it has the largest standard deviation.
   b plums - it does not have overlapping error bars with the other two.

c. Standard deviation = amount of variability between samples

Standard error = indicates how closely the sample mean represents.

43 a) Fungi,

b) Ascomycetes/Conidia;

c) Mucoromycota /Hyphae

D)Ascomycetes/ Budding yeast

a, Lycophyta and

b) Selaginella megaspore. First time we see heterosporous spores in plants but as a transitional group it contains both types of spores:

Angiosperms/Anthophyta, coevolution with specific cross pollinators

Cnidaria

True

• Coniferophyta (pine), Cycadophyta (sago palm), Ginkgophyta (Gingko),

1. Diaphragm

2. Liver

3. Small intestine

4. Large intestine

5. Rectum

6. Umbilical artery

7. Spleen

8. Pancreas

9. Kidney

10. Ureter

11. Ovary

12. Uterus

13. Urinary bladder

1. larnyx

2. Carotid artery

3. Trachea

4. Lung

5. Esophagus

6. Heart

1. Gall bladder

2. Stomach

3. Cecum

1. Anthophyta; Monocot (3 petals and 3 sepals of the same color).

2. A. a) ovule b) ovary c) style d) stigma e) carpel f) anther g) stamen h) filament i) sepal j) petal B. Anthophyta; Eudicot (5 petals)

Rt Atrium

1. Rt Ventricle

2. Coronary Artery

3. Aorta

4. Pulmonary

5. Trunk

6. Lt Atrium

7. Lt ventricle

1. HardPalate

2. SoftPalate

3. Epiglottis

4. Tongue

Porifera

Asymmetry

Spicules

• a) Cnidocytes,

• nematocyst

• b) budding

1. Clitellum, Annelida

2. A) Heart, B) Seminal vesicles, C) Crop

1. Platyhelminthes, intestines

2. Acoelomate, Bilateral, triploblastic

1. A) Heart, B) Intestine

2. A) Mantle - produces the shell B) Gill - respiration

1. A. Nematoda: i) Male (spicule), i) Female

2. A) Pseudocoelomate; B) Intestine

1. A) Chelicerates, B) Myriapods: C) Hexapods; D) Crustaceans

2. A) Chitinous exoskeleton; Paired Jointed Appendages, Body
   Segmentation

B) It uses key characteristics to all organisms within a clade (ie. phylum, subphylum, genus, species).

1. 1. anterior end; 2. metameric segmentation; 3. clitellum; 4. posterior end

2. D; A = dorsal (umbo), B = anterior, C = posterior

1. Echinodermata

2. Bilateral in larval stage; Penta-radial symmetry as an adult.

1. A. Deuterstomes: radial indeterminate cleavage; the blastopore becomes

• the anus and the mesodermal tissue is formed from the archenteron (folding)

B. Echinoderms and chordates

A) 1. Stereoscope or dissecting scope. Used to observe whole structures or
Whole organisms

2. Compound scope. Used to observe thinly sliced organisms or

microorganisms

B) 200 X magnification (10°20)

1. A)Scissors; B) Forceps; C) Scalpel; D) Probe, E) Disposable pipet, F)
   Dissecting Needles

This is a chordate, which means it has pharangeal gill slits, notochord. dorsal hollow nerve cord, post-anal tail.

70. Chordata; lancolet (Branchiostoma lanceolatum, previously Amphioxus).

A. Line crosses (number of times fish crossed lines in tank);

B. Water
clarity or water turbidity leve

A. No heartbeat; B. Snake health, feeding regime, species,
environmental conditions (light, cage size, cleaning times, etc.) C.
Snakes adjust their constriction based on the prey’s heartbeat.

A. Line; B. Histogram; C. Bar

C – this is a hypothesis with a measurable outcome; all the others
have a measurable outcome

Evolution is the phenomenon and natural selection is the
mechanism. Natural selection is the key event that causes change
in populations, but it is not the only mechanism because it is not
random. Natural selection acts on an individual’s phenotype.
Evolution acts on a population

D – occurs in small populations.

Cladogram:
a. Sharks
b. Reptiles (crocs and birds) are most closely related to the
mammals (primates, rodents, and rabbits).
c. Vertebrae and a bony skeleton

d. Any of the amniotes (mammals and reptiles)

e. Timematodea (branched first)
f. Phyllium, Chitoniscus, Microphyllium (most recent common
ancestor on timeline)
g. Archipseudophasmatidae and Eophyllium (branch does not
extend to present day)
h. other euphasmatodeans and Phyllinae (sister groups)
Note: The lack of dichotomy or presence of a polytomy indicates
that the phylogeny is not well understood for these groups.