Intro To Criminal Justice Midterm

Justice Studies/Criminal Justice Major

Warren Court

The name of the court that changed the Court system for the better around the 60s by expanding civil rights and liberties

What does a Police officer need to make and arrest?

Probable Cause

Beyond an unreasonable doubt is harder to prove then probable cause

True

Booking Process

Paper work, not involved with detective work 

Who is the only person that can set bail in America

A judge

Two types of jury are

grand jury and trial/petit jury.

Grand jury need what to make a decision

reasonable cause

Petit/trial jury needs what to make a decision 

beyond an unreasonable doubt 

What is the UCR (Uniform Crime Report)?

Every crime that is reported to a police department is then reported to the FBI To gather data

Every crime is reported

False

What do Police claim when they make an arrest

a statistic of cleared

When a police officer clears someone are they always guilty

no 

Which crime is more often cleared

Murder

Which crime is not often cleared

Stolen Cars 

Number one factor of crime rate

How many young men are in society

Who is most likely to be a victim of a crime

Young people

How do most people die in America

Guns

What is a felony murder?

When you participate in a crime where a murder occurred you are also held liable for that murder

What is date rape

when you get raped on a date you agreed to go on

Why is date rape harder to prove

There is a private environment

What is the difference between theft and robbery

Theft is stealing something, while robbery is theft with force

Picked Pocked is considered robbery?

False, it is only considered theft because there is no force

What is Burglary?

Entering with the intent to commit a crime 

If someone forcefully enters a house to beat someone up is it still considered burglary?

Yes because they entered the house with the intent to commit a crime 

What is a hate crime?

committing a crime or trying to got others to commit a crime motivated by hate

Where are misdemeanors heard?

municipal court

What is Common Law?

Something that is not passed by a governmental body, but it is when a judge uses stare decisis to determine the decision

What is a Statute?

It tells you what is a crime and what is not a crime

What is Administrative Law?

Is monitoring business with licenses

What is mens rea?

The intent behind a crime

What age range almost always is charged with the mens rea?

middle aged people

If you are charged with satitory rape does it require a mens rea?

No

What is double jeopardy?

When you get charged or are put on trial for the same crime twice

America has double jeopardy

False

Most of the phone calls that the police officers get are criminal

False, most of them are calls for help

Who is the state police under the jurisdiction of?

governor of the state

Who is the sheriff’s department under the jurisdiction of?

The sheriff’s office

Most police departments are small and have less than 10 cops

True

What is the exclusionary rule?

When evidence is acquired from the police improperly, it is excluded in the evidence 

The cops do not need to say a statement when someone is under arrest

False, most of the time they say you are under arrest but if it is clear you can not leave then you are under arrest

What are the two steps you need to have to be read your Miranda rights?

Custody and questions

The 4th Amendment states you need a search warrant

True

Are there some exclusions to needing a search warrant?

Yes, for example if a cop has some suspicion they can do a pat down search 

Police officers can not accept money/gifts from people in the community

True

How many police officers are murdered each year

around 100-200 police officers

More people work as a police officer than in security 

False

What precent of police to human contact occurs during police calls?

1.25%-1.5% 

If a cop is charged with murder or assault from a police to human contact what do the base them on?

What a reasonable cop would do

Most defendants post bail

True

What is due process?

Fairness for everyone in court before taking away life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness 

What does a grand jury need to indict you

a majority

What is stalking?

Contact with someone more then once where you felt like you were threatened

What is white caller crimes

Financial crimes, like a scam online

What does arisen need to be considered arisen

a fire and intent

People can use deadly force if they do not have the option to retreat

True, but if you have the option to retreat you can not use deadly force

When you are in your house you do not need the retreat requirement 

True

What is normal self defense?

Giving force that you were taking or could endure when you can not retreat

What are police officers in England called?

Bobbies

Which unit in a police department has the highest rate of corruption?

Narcotics

A police department rotates officers in the narcotics unit to try and stop corruption

True

You always need a search warrant for a crime

False, you do not need a search warrent if there is exigence circumstances

An arraignment is when you sent to jail

False, it is when you are advised what the charges are

What is organized crime?

Planned, systematic illegal activities conducted by groups, for example the mafia 

Who do you need to report to when you get out of prison?

A parole officer

When are is it considered a mass murder?

When you kill 4 or more people

When is it considered a serial killer?

Killing people one after the other

When is it considered a spree murder

Killing people on the same day but in different locations

What is corpus delicti?

a requirement that there was a crime committed

America does not have corpus delicti

False

What is another word for theft?

Larceny

What is entrapment?

When an undercover cop baits you/put the idea in your head to commit a crime when you would normally not do it 

Entrapment is not legal in America

True

What are quality of life crimes?

Small time crimes like vandalism or urinating in public

Are quality of life crimes debated if it is good use of police officers?

Yes

What is the plain view exception?

If a crime or something illegal happens in public you do not need a warrant

Steps of criminal process

1. Call gets made of a crime that is happening

2. Police will investigate (could be small or could be big)

3. If they make an arrest, then the make a police charge

4. Then they go through booking and then prints/photos

5. Then a judge could set bail

6. Grand Jury then makes the decision to indict or not

7. If they do then the criminal goes through indictment, which includes arraignment

8. Then the go through a plea bargain or they go through a trial

9. If they go to trial then they get a jury

10. Then they have their sentence

11. After you get out of jail then you have a parole officer

Police Culture 

no man left behind, always have each others back, stick their neck out for each other, hang around each other, t

Stress of being a cop

you could die on the job, people shot at you, people do not trust you, your shedule is not set in stone, running low on sleep

Crimes against women

Domestic violence, sexual assault, harassment, stalking, human trafficking, rape

Police Agencies

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), U.S. Secret Service (USSS)