the 27 amendments of the United States Constitution

First amendment

Protects freedoms of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.

Second Amendment

Grants the right to bear arms

Third Amendment

Prohibits the quartering of soldiers in private homes without consent during peacetime

Fourth Amendment

protects against unreasonable searches and seizures; requires warrants based on probable cause

Fifth Amendment

ensures right in criminal cases, including protection against self-incrimination, double jeopardy, and guarantees

Sixth amendment

provides the right to a speedy and public trial, and impartial jury, and legal counsel

seventh amendment

guarantees the right to jury trial in civil cases involving disputes exceeding a certain monetary amount

eighth amendment

Prohibits excessive bail, fines, and cruel and unusual punishment

Ninth amendment

Asserts that the numeration of certain rights in the Constitution does not deny others retained by the people

Tenth Amendment

States that powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved to the states or the people

Eleventh Amendment

Limits the ability of individuals to sue states in federal court, reinforcing state sovereignty

Twelfth Amendment

Revises the procedure for electing the President and Vice President, requiring separate electoral votes for each office

Thirteenth Amendment

abolishes slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime

Fourteenth amendment

Grants citizenship to all person born or naturalized in the United States / Provides equal protection under the law and ensures due process rights

fiftteenth amendment

Prohibits denying the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude

sixteenth amendment

Authorizes congress to levy a federal income tax without apportioning it among the states

Seventeenth Amendment

Establishes the direct election of U.S senators by the people, replacing their selection by state legislatures

Eighteenth Amendment

Enacts the prohibition of the manufacture, sale, and Transporation of alcoholic beverages (later repealed by the Twenty-first amendment

nineteenth amendment

Grants women the right to vote, ensuring suffrage regardless of sex

Twentieth amendment

sets the terms of the president, vice president, and congress and adjusts the timeline for presidental succession

twenty first amendment

repeals the eighteenth amednment, ending prohibition

Twenty-second amendment

limits the president to two terms in office

twenty-third amendment

grants residents of Washington D.C., the right to vote in presidential election

twenty-fourth amendment

Prohibits poll taxes in federal elections, ensuring equal access to voting

twenty-fifth amendment

Clarifies the line of presidential succession and procedures for addressing presidential disability or vacancy

twenty-sixth amendment

lowers the voting age to 18

twenty-seventh amendment

prevents laws affecting congressional salaries form taking effect until after the next election of representatives