Ch 1 Outline 2-Sexism and Feminism

Flashcards covering definitions and types of sexism, the concept of feminism and its waves, intersectionality, and related terms from the lecture notes.

Sexism

Bias or discrimination against someone because of what gender they are; sometimes referred to as 'gender bias'.

Old-fashioned sexism

Involves open prejudice against someone because of their gender, such as believing women can't be bosses or men shouldn't do childcare. These beliefs are often not expressed openly anymore.

Modern sexism

More subtle prejudice against people because of their gender, commonly focused on women, with three main parts: believing discrimination against women no longer happens, frustration over women's demands for 'equality,' and resentment about perceived special treatment for women.

Hostile sexism

Blatant woman-hating or man-hating, expressed directly (e.g., 'Women should know their place!').

Benevolent sexism

Focuses on how women are different from and weaker than men, thus needing special protection; it appears to compliment women (e.g., emphasizes niceness, softness) but ultimately serves to keep them at a lower status.

Feminism

The belief system that emphasizes that all people, regardless of gender, should be socially, economically, and politically equal.

First-wave feminism

Occurred from the late 1800s to early 1900s, primarily focused on giving women the right to vote.

Second-wave feminism

Occurred from the 1960s to 1990s, involved the fight for rights like women's freedom from sexual shaming, protection from violence, and fair access to birth control, abortion, education, and equal pay.

Third-wave feminism

Began in the 1990s as a response to the narrow 'White women's rights' focus of second-wave feminism, seeking to highlight unique experiences based on multiple social group memberships (intersectionality).

Intersectionality

The focus on how experiences as members of multiple social groups (e.g., woman, Black, lesbian) affect individuals differently.

Fourth-wave feminism

A recently started wave that uses social media to build upon intersectionality, fight for transgender rights, and publicly call out powerful individuals for sexist and abusive behaviors.

TERF (trans-exclusionary radical feminist)

A term for people who hold feminist attitudes only for cisgender females, showing bias against transgender people.

People who menstruate

An inclusive term for individuals who menstruate, acknowledging that not all who menstruate are cisgender women, and not all cisgender women menstruate (e.g., due to menopause).