movement of substances in and out of a cell

define diffusion

particles moving form a high to low concentration

is this diffusion a passive process (does it require energy)

No

define osmosis

when water molecules go through a permeable cell membrane from a high to low concentration

is osmosis passive (does it require energy)

No

define active transport

when particles go from a low to high concentration.

Is active transport passive (does it require energy)

Yes

what factors affect diffusion and osmosis

surface area to volume ratio

distance that particles have to travel

temperature

concentration gradient

what factors affect active transport

same thing as diffusion and osmosis but not the concentration gradient because it requires energy and carrier proteins.

how do you investigate diffusion, also tell me results and explain why.

we use pink agar cubes, for the solvent we use hydrochloric acid with the pink agar cubes. The colour of the agar cubes will turn colourless since the dilute hydrochloric acid goes into the pink agar cubes, (hydrochloric goes into a high to low concerntration)

how do you investigate osmosis, also tell me results and explain why. (living practical)

We use potato cylinders but in different beakers, one beaker we use water and the other as concentrated sugar solution. The potato cylinder in the concentrated sugar solution gets smaller because the water in the potato goes from a high to low concentration whilst also going through a permeable membrane.

how do you investigate osmosis (non living practical

get a thistle funnel that contains sugar solution and a Visking tubing at the end of the thistle funnel. Then put it in a beaker that has water. Overtime the water should decrease because the water goes from a high to low concentration

what is a visking tube

it acts as a partially permeable membrane.