Optics

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20 Terms

1

Electromagnetic Spectrum

The range of all types of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

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2

Reflection

The bouncing of light off a surface.

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3

Refraction

The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.

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4

Angle of Incidence

The angle between the incident ray and the normal at the surface.

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5

Reflected Ray

The ray that bounces off the surface after reflection.

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6

Refracted Ray

The ray that bends after passing into a new medium.

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7

Angle of Reflection

The angle between the reflected ray and the normal.

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8

Plane Mirror (SALT)

Size: Same size; Attitude: Upright; Location: Same distance; Type: Virtual.

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9

Concave Mirror (SALT)

Object Beyond C:smaller, Inverted, reduced, real; At C: Inverted, same size, real; Between C and F: Inverted, enlarged, real; At F: No image; Between F and Mirror: Upright, enlarged, virtual.

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10

Convex Mirror (SALT)

Size: Smaller than the object; Attitude: Upright; Location: Virtual, behind the mirror; Type: Virtual.

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11

Converging Lens Characteristics

Produces real or virtual images; thicker in the center.

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12

Diverging Lens Characteristics

Always produces virtual images; thinner in the center.

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13

Thin Lens Formula

1/f = 1/do + 1/di.

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14

Index of Refraction

A measure of how much a ray of light bends when entering a material.

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15

Total Internal Reflection

The complete reflection of a light ray back into its original medium when it hits the boundary at an angle greater than the critical angle.

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16

Human Eye Parts

Cornea: Protects the eye and helps focus light; Lens: Focuses light onto the retina; Retina: Converts light to signals for the brain; Pupil: Regulates light entering the eye; Iris: Controls pupil size.

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17

Myopia

Nearsightedness; light focuses in front of the retina and is corrected with diverging lenses.

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18

Hyperopia

Farsightedness; light focuses behind the retina and is corrected with converging lenses.

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19

Astigmatism

Irregular lens curvature causing distorted images, corrected with specially shaped lenses.

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20

Presbyopia

The eye becomes hard and stiff eye can no longer accommodate close corrected with a converging lens

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