ppl far aim stuff

PIC currency with passenger requirements DAY

3 take offs and landing within the last 90 days

PIC currency with passenger requirements NIGHT

3 takes offs and landings to a full stop (1hr before sunrise/ 1hr after sunset) within last 90 days

If recency of experience requirements for night flight are not met and the official sunset is 1830, the latest time passengers can be carried is what?

1929

How long is a flight review and what do they include?

1hr ground: A review of the current general operating and flight rules of part 91

and 1hr flight: Review of these maneuvers and procedures that are deemed necessary for the pilot to demonstrate the safe excercise of the privileges of the pilot certificate

How often is a flight review?

Every 24 calendar months (biannual)

What manuvers/ procedures will be preformed during a flight review?

Slow flight, steep turns, stalls, use of NAV equip, and takeoffs & landings

Can you fail a flight review?

No, but the CFI can choose not to put a flight review endorsement in the log book

Does a single engine flight review count for multi engine?

A flight review in a single engine airplane will satisfy your currency requirements for seaplanes, multi engine aircraft, and even gliders, if you are already rated for them.

Does an instrument proficiency check (IPC) serve as a flight review?

No. However, a CFIl may combine the Flight Review and IPC during the same flight. However, the CFI will have to put in both a Flight Review and an IPC endorsement in the pilot's logbook.

If my flight review is not current is my pilot certificate invalid?

Your pilot certificate is valid until surrendered, suspended, or revoked, regardless if your flight review is not current. However, you cannot act as pilot in command until you satisfactorily complete a flight review. You could, however, act as a SIC or safety pilot.

Can I fly solo without a current flight review, if I don't carry passengers?

No. You are acting as PIC during solo flight. As a result, you need a current flight review.

Do I need a current medical certificate when I go for a flight review?

No. However, you cannot act as PIC, either during the flight review or at any time thereafter, until you've been issued a medical certificate.

What are some exemptions to a flight review?

Completing an FAA practical test towards a certificate or rating can take the place of a flight review (starts 24 month timer over)

61.103 Private Pilot Eligbility requirements

• 17yrs of age

• read, write, and speak english

• recive log book endorsments and flight instruction from instructor,

• passed knowledge test and practical test

• meet aeronautical experience requirements

• hold as US student pilot, sport pilot, or rec pilot certificate

61.109 What are the Private Pilot aeronautical experiences required to qualify for the PPL Practical Exam?

• at least 40 hrs of flight time

• 20 hrs duel

• 10 hrs solo which include

  • 5 hrs of solo cross country time

  • one solo cc of 150 nautical miles with full stop landings, with one segment of flight consisting of a straight line of more than 50 nautical miles between locations

  • 3 takeoffs and 3 landings (involving pattern work) at an airport either an operating control tower

• 3 hrs cross country

• 3 hrs night training which included

  • one cross country over 100 nautical miles

  • 10 takeoffs and landings to a full stop (each landing involving flight in the traffic pattern)

61.113 Private Pilot Privileges and Limitations

• May not act as PIC for compensation or hire

• A private pilot may, for compensation or hire, act as pilot in command of an aircraft in connection with any business or employment if

  • The flight is only incidental to that business or employment

  • The aircraft does not carry passengers or property for compensation or hire

• Private Pilot must pay the pro rata share for airplane rental, fuel, airport expenditures, oil, etc

• may act as pilot in command of a charitable, nonprofit, or community event flight described in § 91.146, if the sponsor and pilot comply with the requirements of § 91.146.

• private pilot may be reimbursed for aircraft operating expenses that are directly related to search and location operations, provided the expenses involve only fuel, oil, airport expenditures, or rental fees, and the operation is sanctioned and under the direction and control of:

  • A local, State, or Federal agency

  • An organization that conducts search and location operations.

• A private pilot who is an aircraft salesman and who has at least 200 hours of logged flight time may demonstrate an aircraft in flight to a prospective buyer

• if meeting the requirements of § 61.69, may act as a pilot in command of an aircraft towing a glider or unpowered ultralight vehicle

61.3 What must a private pilot have with them when acting as PIC?

• pilot certificate

• photo identification

• medical certificate

61.3 What must a student pilot have with them when flying?

• pilot certificate

• photo identification

• medical certificate

• appropriate endorsements

61.60 How long after changing addresses can a pilot exercise the privileges of their certificate?

30 days

61.87 What are the solo requirements for a student pilot?

• aeronautical knowledge (written pre-solo test)

• pre-solo flight training

• must log and recieve flight training in maneuvers and procedures in single-engine airplane

61.89 When can a student pilot not act as PIC?

In situatiuons where an aircraft is

• carrying passenger(s)

• carrying property for compensation or hire

• in furtherance of a business

• on international flight

• visibility: day- <3, night- <5

• also cannot act as a required cremember (except when receiving training from CFI)

91.3 What is the responsibility and authorization of the PIC?

• PIC is the final authority and is responsible for the operation of the aircraft

• Shall there be an in flight emergency, the pilot may deviate from any rule in part 91

• PIC who deviate from part 91 rules in case of emergency must write s written report to administrator UPON REQUEST

91.15 Can PIC of a civil aircraft drop any objects from that aircraft?

• a PIC cannot drop anything from an AC in flight if it could create a hazard to persons or property

• they can if the proper precautions are taken to avoid injury or damage to persons or property

91.17 What is the maximum alcohol concentration allowed to be a crew member?

.04 in a blood or breath specimen

91.17 Within how many hours after consuming alcohol may a person act as a crew member oof a civil aircraft?

8 hrs

91.17 Can a person act as a crew member while under the influence of alcohol (hangover included) or when using drugs?

No. No person can act as a crewmember while under the influence of alcohol or on any drug that affects the person’s faculties in any way contrary to safety

91.17 Can a crewmember allow any person abord a flight if they appear intoxicated or under the influence of drugs?

No, unless there is an emergency or a medical patient under special care

91.103 What does the PIC have to become familiar with before every flight?

PIC must become familiar with ALL information concerning the flight (NWKRAFT)

• NOTAMs

• Weather

• Known ATC delays

• Runway lengths at each airport

• Alternate airports

• Fuel requirements

• Takeoff and landing distances

91.107 What is a PIC’s duty when it comes to passengers and their safety belts/ shoulder harnesses?

The PIC must

• Brief how to fasten and unfasten seat belt/ shoulder harness

• Prior to movement, PIC must notify each person to fasten their seat belt/ harness

• Inform passangers seat belts must be worn during taxi, takeoff, and landing

  -Each person must wear a seatbelt/ harness and occupy an approved seat (children under 2 can be held, sport parachutist can use the floor, child restraint system can be used)

91.111 When is a person not allowed to operate an aircraft (in relation to other aircraft)?

No person may operate

• so close to another to cause collision hazard

• an aircraft in formation unless prior arrangement from each PIC is established

• an aircraft carrying passengers for hire, in formation flight

91.113 When another aircraft is given the right of way over said aircraft, what is the PIC from said aircraft prohibited from doing?

PIC of aircraft giving right of way may not pass over, under, or ahead of other aircraft unless well clear

91.113

What aircraft has the right of way?

(a) balloon / any other category aircraft?

(b) airship / glider

(c) glider / airplane or rotocraft

(d) powered parachute / airship

(a) balloon

(b) glider

(c) glider

(d) airship

91.113 What are the right of way rules for an aircraft towing or refueling another aircraft?

Aircraft has right of way over all other ENGINE driven aircraft

91.113 What should each PIC do when approching head on with another aircraft

Each PIC should alter course to the right

91.113 What is overtaking and how should each PIC alter course in an overtaking situation?

Overtaking happens when one airplane approaches and overtakes another airplane from behind and alter course to the right.

• the airplane being overtaken has the right of way, may continue course or alter course safley

• the airplane overtaking other aircraft passes to the right and keeps safe distance

91.117 No person may operate an aircraft below __ ft MSL at an indicated airspeed of more than __kts

10,000 ft, 250 kts

91.117 No person may operate an aircraft at or below __ ft above the surface within __ nautical miles of Class C or D (B not included) at more than __ kts

2,500 ft, 4 NM, 200 kts

91.117 What is the maximum speed under the Class B shelf or within a VFR corridor?

200 kts

91.119 What are the minimum safe altitudes over congested areas?

• 1,000 ft above the highest obstacle

• 2,000 ft horizontal radius

91.119 What is the minimum safe altitude for anything thats not a congested area?

500 ft

91.123 What are the only situations when deviating from ATC instructions is acceptable?

In an emergency or to avoid collision

Does a pilot have to notify ATC of their deviation of instruction?

Yes, ASAP

91.123 If given priority in an emergency and ATC requests a report, how long do you have to submit that report?

48 hrs

91.125 What does a steady red light signal mean in flight?

Give way to other aircraft and continue circling

91.125 What does a flashing red light mean on the ground and in flight?

on ground- taxi clear of runway in use

in flight- airport unsafe do not land

91.125 What does a steady red light mean on the ground and in flight?

on ground- stop

in flight- give way to other aircraft and continue circling

91.125 What does a flashing white mean on the ground and in flight?

on ground- return to starting point on airport

in flight- not applicable

91.125 What does an alternating red and green light mean on the ground and in flight?

on ground and in flight- excercise extreme caution

91.129./ 91.130 What needs to be established before entry in Class C and D airspaces?

Two way communication

91.151 What are the fuel requirements for VFR flight for day and night time?

day- enough fuel to fly 30 mins past intended landing point at cruising speed

night- enough fuel to fly 45 mins past intended landing point at cruising speed

91.115 What are the basic VFR weather minimums for Bravo airspace?

• 3 statue miles vis

• clear of clouds

91.115 What are the basic VFR weather minimums for Charlie and Delta airspaces?

• 3 statue miles vis

• 500 ft below clouds

• 1,000 ft above clouds

• 2,000 ft horizontal to clouds

91.115 What are the basic VFR weather minimums for Golf (<1,200 ft) airspace?

day- 1 statue vis, clear of clouds

night- 3 statue miles vis

• 500 ft below clouds

• 1,000 ft above clouds

• 2,000 ft horizontal to clouds

91.115 What are the basic VFR weather minimums for Golf (1,200 to 10,000 ft) airspace?

day- 1 statue miles vis

• 500 ft below clouds

• 1,000 ft above clouds

• 2,000 ft horizontal to clouds

night- 3 statue miles vis

• 500 ft below clouds

• 1,000 ft above clouds

• 2,000 ft horizontal to clouds

91.115 What are the basic VFR weather minimums for Golf (1,200-10,000+) airspace?

• 5 statue miles vis

• 1,000 ft below clouds

• 2,000 ft above clouds

• 1 statute mi horizontal to clouds

91.159 What are the Special VFR flight minimums?

• Allows takeoff below VFR minimums at airport controlled to a surface of below 10,000

• needs ATC clearance

• day- 1sm vis, clear of clouds

• night- plot AND aircraft have to be certified for IFR flight

91.159 What are the VFR cruising altitudes below 18,000 ft MSL?

0-179 degrees: odd thousand + 500

180-359 degrees: even thousand + 500

91.205 What instruments and equipment are required for VFR day flight?

ATOMATOFLAMES!!

• airspeed indicator

• tachometer

• oil pressure gauge

• manifold pressure gauge

• altimeter

• temperature gauge

• oil temperature gauge

• fuel gauge

• landing gear indicator (if applicable)

• anti collision lights

• magnetic compass

• ELT

• saftey belts

91.205 What instruments and equipment are required for VFR night flight?

ATOMATOFLAMES && FLAPS!!

• airspeed indicator

• tachometer

• oil pressure gauge (one for each engine)

• manifold pressure gauge

• altimeter

• temperature gauge (one for each liquid cooled engine)

• oil temperature gauge (one for each engine)

• fuel gauge (one for each tank)

• landing gear applicator (if applicable)

• anti collision lights

• magnetic compass

• ELT

• saftey belts

• fueses

• landing light

• anti collision lights

• position lights

• source of power

91.207 What is inspected during an ELT inspection and when are they required? When does an ELT expire?

Th ELT is inspected for

• proper installation

• battery corrosion

• operation of the controls and crash sensor

• presence of sufficient signal radiated from its antenna

They expire

• when the transmitter has been in use for more than 1 cumullative hour

• when 50% of their useful life has expired

ELT inspections are annual (12 calendar months)

91.209 No person can operate an AC from sunset to sunrise unless it has what lit lights?

Lighted position lights, lighted anticollision lights (unless it compromises safety)

91.211 What are the general flight supplemental oxygen rules?

• 12,500- 14,000 ft MSL: minimum flight crew must be provided with oxygen for a duration of 30 mins

• 14,000+ ft MSL: required minimum flight crew provided with enough oxygen for the entire flight

• 15,000+ ft MSL: all AC occupants provided with enough oxygen for the entire flight

91.213 What instruments / equip need to be operative for the AC to be flight worthy?

RAKETS!

• regulations: 91.205 (ATOMATO FLAMES)

• AD

• KOEL: kinds of operations equipment list (POH ch2)

• CEL: comprehensive equipment list (POH ch6)

• TCDS: is item required by the type rating for AC?

• safety: is it safe?

91.213 What must a pilot do if an instrument or piece of equipment is determined inoperative but AC is still flightworthy?

Person must place an inop placard OR remove it and document in maintenance logs