molecular polarity and dipole movement

what is bond dipole movement? the ____________ of charges in _________________________ bonds

separation, polar covalent

what is bond dipole movement measured in

magnitude, mu

how do you find mu?

Qr where Q is the magnitude of partial charges (electronegativity difference) and r is the distance between charges

how can bond dipole movement be represented by

vector with direction and magnitude

what if there is no charge separation?

it is nonpolar

how do you determine dipole movement?

add bond movements in 3 dimensional space, measures extent of the net charge separation in molecule

to be polar, molecule must:
1. contain at least _______ polar covalent bond

one

to be polar, molecule must:
2. have molecular structure where the sum of vectors of each bond dipole movement ________________

doesn’t cancel, not symmetrical

polar solvent is _____________ at dissolving polar substances

better

nonpolar solvent is ___________ at dissolving nonpolar substances

better