Midterm 2

Portrait of Livia

• From an imperial cult center in the Fayum region in Egypt

• 4th century CE

• Marble

Portrait of Octavia

• Campus Martius in Rome

• 27-23 BCE

• Concrete and marble architectural complex

Funerary Relief of the Gessii

• Rome

• 30-20 BCE (Late Republican)

• Marble (from Carerra)

Tomb of the Baker

• Rome

• 30-20 BCE

• Marble Tufa, concrete core

Monument of the Julii

• Glanum (in Gaul/Southern France)

• 30-20 BCE

• Limestone (from local quarries)

Harbor at Caesarea

• Caesarea Maritima in Roman Judea

• 22-10 BCE

• Dedicated in 15 BCE

• Roman concrete

Second Style Architectural painting in the Villa at Oplontis

• Bay of Naples

• Mid 1st century BCE

• Fresco

Third Style wall painting in the Villa of Boscotrcase

• Bay of Naples

• 10 BCE

House of the Vettii

• Pompeii

• 62-79 BCE

House of the Painters at Work

• Pompeii

• Ongoing work in 79 CE

• Unfinished 4th style fresco

House of the Chaste Lovers

• Pomeii

• 62-79 CE

The Colosseum

• Rome (near Nero’s lake)

• 70-80 CE

• Concrete core and travertine

Arch of Titus

• Rome (along the triumphal route)

• 81 CE

• Concrete and travertine

The Cancelleria Relief of Domitian/Nerva’s profectio

• Rome

• 93-96 CE

• Marble

Forum of Trajan

• Rome

• 106-113 CE

• Architectural complex

Column of Trajan

• Forum of Trajan in Rome

• 106-113 CE

• Column monument

Pantheon

• Campus Martius, Rome

• 110-128 CE

• Architectural complex - concrete, brick, marble

Arch (triumph)

a curved structure that spanned an opening and supported weight

Attic

The upper story of a portico, above the entablature.

Single Bay

One arch

Triple Bay

Three arches

Arcade

Row of arches

Ashlar masonry

a type of stone construction that uses large, uniform stone blocks

Capital

Element crowning a column and supporting the architrave.

Cella

cell

Dromos

Greek word for a passageway

Forum

a public structure in ancient Roman cities, essentially a central open space surrounded by public buildings and colonnades, serving as a marketplace, gathering place for political discussions, and a hub for civic life

Manubial Temple

A monument funded ex manubiis, “from the spoils of battle,” technically to fulfill a vow to a particular deity made before the battle.

Necropolis

City of the dead

Travertine

Locally available white limestone sometimes used like marble in Roman architecture.

Tumulus

Tomb

Axial Orientation

the organization of a building around a central axis

Pediment

A gable, the triangular open end of a pitched roof.

Tholos

Round building

Tripartite Architecture

Three-part architecture

Arena

large, open-air venues with tiered seating

Cavea

Seating area of a theater or amphitheater.

Atrium

Open central room in an early Roman town house (atrium house), located immediately after an entrance passage (fauces), and around which other rooms are arranged.

Fauces

Literally “throat,” the entrance passage into a Roman atrium house.

Impluvium

Rectangular basin set in the floor of the atrium of a Roman house to collect rainwater fallen through the compluvium.

Tablinum

Primary reception room at back of the atrium, where imagines and family records were kept

Tricilium

Dining Room

Dado

The lower course or courses of a wall, decoratively or structurally set off from the masonry above

Fresco

A mural technique that involves applying water-based pigments to wet plaster

1st style of art

Used vivid colors, Divided walls into three horizontal zones, and Crowned with a stucco cornice

2nd style of art

• Used perspective and illusionism to create the illusion of openness

• Depicted architectural features, landscapes, and mythological scenes

• Used bright colors

3rd style of art

Ornate, found in PompeiiRooms appeared chaotic and filled to excess

4th style of art

a combination of the three previous styles of Roman painting

Imago

likeness; word for portrait

Register

The division of imagery into horizontal bands, or rows

Terra-cotta

Ceramic

Emblema

Central Panel, usually made off site and set into pavement

Portrait of Livia - Image

Porticus of Octavia - Image

Funerary Relief of the Gessii - Image

Tomb of the Baker - Image

Monument of the Julii - Image

Harbor at Caesarea - Image

Second style architectural painting in the Villa at Oplontis - Image

Third style wall painting in the Villa of Boscotrecase - Image

House of the Vettii - Image

Priapus in the fauces - Image

Cupids at work in the triclinium - Image

Hercules and the Snakes - Image

House of the Painters at Work - Image

House of the Caste Lovers - Images

House of the Chaste Lovers Bakery - Image

Colosseum - Image

Arch of Titus - Image

Spoils from Jerusalem (Arch of Titus) - Image

Triumph of Titus (Arch of Titus) - Image

Apotheosis of Titus

The Cancelleria Relief - Image

Forum of Trajan - Image

Column of Trajan - Image

Pantheon - Image