Science: Chapter 1 - Human Body Systems (Grade 7)
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35 Terms
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cell
The basic unit of structure and function in a living thing
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cell membrane
forms the outside border of the cell
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nucleus
directs the cell’s activities and holds information that controls a cell’s function
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cytoplasm
the rest of the cell, made of a clear, jellylike substance that contains many cell structures
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tissue
a group of similar cells that perform the same function.
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Your body contains several types of …
tissue
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muscle tissue
Like the muscle cells that form it, it can contract, or shorten.
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Muscle tissue makes part of your body…
move
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nervous tissue
directs and controls the process
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Nervous tissue carries…
electrical messages back and forth
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connective tissue
provides support for your body and connects all its parts
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Epithelial tissue
covers the surfaces of your body, inside and out/
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such epithelial tissue, such as your skin…
protects the delicate structures that lie beneath it
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organ
a structure that is made up of different kinds of tissues
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Your stomach, heart, brain, and lungs are all…
organs
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organ system
a group of organs that work together, carrying out major functions
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each organ in your body is part of an…
organ system (2)
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skeleton
Your skeletal system, it includes all the bones in your body.
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What makes your body move?
muscles and bones working together
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The nervous system tells your…
muscles when to act
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skeletal muscles
are attached to the bones of your skeleton and provide the force that moves your bones
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joint
is a place in the body where two bones come together
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Nutrient
is a substance that you get from food and that your body needs to carry out processes, such as contracting muscles
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absorption
a process where nutrients move from the digestive system into the bloodstream
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glands
it releases chemical signals directly into the bloodstream
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the endocrine system is made up of organs called…
glands (2)
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stimulus (plural stimuli)
a signal in the environment that makes you react
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response
what your body does in reaction to a stimulus
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responses are directed by…
your nervous system but often involve other body systems
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hormones
chemical signs released by the endocrine system
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hormones are transported through your body by the…
circulatory system
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homeostasis
the condition in which an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of changes in the outside environment.
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keeping which balance is necessary for an organism to function properly and survive?
homeostasis (2)
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all of your body systems working together maintain…
homeostasis and keep the body in balance
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stress
the reaction of your body to possibly threatening, challenging, or uncomfortable events
Note 
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