Social Psychology

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21 Terms

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Social Psychology

Seeks to understand, explain, and predict how people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.

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Social Cognition

How we perceive and interpret ourselves and others in our social world.

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ABC Model of Attitudes

A model representing attitudes through three components: Affective (feelings), Behavioral (actions), and Cognitive (beliefs).

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Affective Component

How we feel towards an object, e.g., "I am afraid of tigers."

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Behavioral Component

How we behave toward an object, e.g., "I run away from tigers."

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Cognitive Component

What we believe about an object, e.g., "Tigers are dangerous."

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Pro-War Attitude

An attitude characterized by emotions of fear regarding the world and support for pro-conflict political candidates.

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Cognitive Dissonance

Emotional discomfort as a result of holding contradictory beliefs or holding a belief that contradicts behavior.

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Self-Perception Alternative

Inferring our attitudes by observing our own behavior when uncertain about them.

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Attitude Specificity

The more specific the attitudes, the more likely they are to predict behavior.

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Social Desirability

Attitudes that mirror what we think others desire in a person.

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Stereotypes

Fixed, overgeneralized beliefs about a person or a group based on assumptions.

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Prejudice

Negative and unjust feelings about individuals based on their group membership.

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Discrimination

Negative and unjust treatment of individuals based on stereotypes and prejudices.

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Groupthink

Faulty group decision making as a result of trying too hard to agree.

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Altruism

Self-sacrificing behavior carried out for the benefit of others.

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Bystanding Effect

The more people present, the less likely any one will attempt to help.

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Aggression

Broad range of behaviors intended to harm others.

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Sternberg Theory of Love

Consummate love includes elements of intimacy, passion, and commitment.

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Secure Attachment

Comfortable with dependence, does not fear closeness or abandonment.

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Insecure Attachment

Includes avoidant attachment (difficulty trusting others) and anxious attachment (worry about partner's love).