Logic - Ethics

Logical implication

If one reasons validly, one can legitimately arrive at conclusions that were unknown previously. It preserves truth and takes from the truth to postulate further truths.

Induction

Conclusions drawn from the accumulation of evidence, typically evidence gleaned through observation

Deduction

Conclusions drawn on the basis of what is logically implied by a fixed or known set of information

Symbolic logic

The use of variables and functions or terms and operations to create an argument

Hasty Generalization

When you make a generalization on a small sample size

Sentential based logic

Arguments constructed using ordinary language

Logical Connectives

Terms used to make the line of reasoning apparent, such as premise indicators, additive terms, contrasting terms, concession indicators, and conclusion indicators

Epistemology

The study of knowledge, including what knkowledge is, and how to obtain it

Ethics

The study of how we ought to live, including what is right and wrong and why

Validity

A term used relative to arguments to indicate whether the reasoning emplyed is correct, namely, whether the evidence directly supports the assertions and are sufficient to show it to be true

Truth

A term used relative to statements or states of affairs designed to indicate whether a statement accurately describes or corresponds to a situation or whether a situation exists.