lec 2 paho endo

1/enumrate the microscopic features (M/E) of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

2/and enumarte 2 complications 🔴🔴🔴🔴

1. Destruction of thyroid follicles.

2. Lymphocytic and plasma cell infiltration with germinal centers.

3. Hurthle cell metaplasia (large eosinophilic granular cells).

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2. 1- hypothyroidism 2-lymphoma

Q /Enumerate 3 the different types of thyroiditis.

🔴🔴🔴

1-Autoimmune thyroditis (hashimotos thyroditis

2-subacute granulomatous

3-Redial thyroditis (fibrous -woody thyroditis )

4-infection thyroditis

Q/ pathology of early goitr (simple goiter )?🔴🔴

diffuse goiter to late multinodular goiter

Q: Describe the microscopic picture of early simple (non-toxic) goiter.

1. Hyperplasia of thyroid follicles.

2. Hyperplasia of lining epithelium.

3. Decreased amount of colloid.

4. flat cells (colloid goiter).

Q/Enumerate the complications of primary toxic goiter( Graves’ disease).🔴🔴

1. Enlarged thyroid (goiter).

2. Exophthalmos.

3. Left ventricular hypertrophy (thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy).

4. Increased basal metabolic rate.

5. Weight loss despite increased appetite.

6. Tremors, warm skin, palpitations, and excessive sweating

Q/Describe the microscopic picture of Graves’ disease.🔴🔴

1. Hyperplasia of thyroid follicles

2. Increased vascularity of stroma with infiltration by plasma cells, lymphocytes, and lymphoid follicles.

Q/enumrate the malignant tumors of thyroid gland ?

1-follicular carcinoma

2-papillary carcinoma

3-medullary carcinoma

4-undifferentiated (anaplastic)carcinoma

Q/enumrate nuclear features of papillary carcinoma of thyroid gland ?🔴🔴🔴🔴

1-clear nuclei (washed -out nuclei )

2-nuclear grooving

3-intranuclear

4-pseudo-inclusion

Most common spread of papillary carcinoma?

Lymphatic spread

Characteristic of Riedel thyroiditis?

Answer: Fibrosing thyroiditis

Most common thyroid carcinoma?

Papillary carcinoma

Cold nodule + amyloid stroma diagnosis?

Medullary carcinoma

Q. The most common cause of Hypothyroidism ?

Hashimoto's thyroiditis

Q. The most common cause of tender thyroidis ?

Subacute Granulomatous

Thyroiditis

Q. Woody thyroid is a

characteristic of which disease?

Riedel thyroiditis

Q. Hurthle cells are characteristic of which one of the following disease ?

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Q. Which of the following is he the hallmark of the DeQuervain thyroiditis (subacute granlmatous)?

non-caseating granulomas and Multinucleated giant cells

Q. The early stage of simple goiter is

Diffuse goiter

Scalloped colloid is characteristic of which one of the following diseases?

Grave’s disease

The most common histologic type of thyroid carcinoma is ?

Papillary carcinoma

Papillary carcinoma

Most common cause of solitary thyroid nodule is ?

Thyroid adenoma

Q. Which of the following thyroid tumors is the most aggressive with numerous mitoses & tumor giant cells ?

Undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma

Q. Psammoma bodies are characteristic of which of the following thyroid tumors?

Papillary carcinoma

Q. Which of the following is essential criterion for diagnosis of Follicular carcinoma of thyroid tumors?

Capsular invasion

Q. Which of the following aggressive thyroid tumor with amyloid in the stroma and disseminate extensively:

Medullary carcinoma

Q. Papillary carcinoma spreads mainly by which one of the following route?

Lymphatics