Academic Writing & Bioethics Lecture Notes

Vocabulary flashcards covering appendix structure, citation rules, scientific naming conventions, plagiarism prevention, and context of Bioethics education in the Philippines.

Appendix

A section at the end of a paper that contains only necessary supporting data such as questionnaires, permission letters, post-hoc tests, and pictures.

Chronological Order (in Appendix)

The required sequence for arranging appendix materials, matching the order in which they are mentioned in the main text.

et al.

Abbreviation of the Latin phrase "et alii" meaning "and others"; written as et al. (no comma, italics, period only after al.).

Scientific Name

A binomial (genus + species) designation for an organism, always italicized (e.g., Chlorella vulgaris).

Genus

The first word of a scientific name; it begins with a capital letter and is italicized (e.g., Chlorella).

Species

The second word of a scientific name; it begins with a lowercase letter and is italicized (e.g., vulgaris).

Italicization

Formatting in which text is slanted; required for scientific names, their abbreviations, and foreign terms.

C. vulgaris

An accepted abbreviated form of Chlorella vulgaris; both parts remain italicized.

Chlorella spp.

Indicates multiple species in the genus Chlorella; the entire term is italicized.

Foreign Terminology

Words or phrases in a language other than English; in academic writing, they should be italicized (e.g., in vitro).

In vitro

Latin term meaning "in glass"; describes experiments conducted outside a living organism and must be italicized.

Plagiarism

The act of presenting someone else’s ideas or words without proper credit; a breach of academic integrity.

Citation

A reference to the work of other authors to acknowledge sources and avoid plagiarism.

Self-Citation Rephrase Rule

Even when citing your own previously published work, you must paraphrase the reused concept to avoid self-plagiarism.

Bioethics

An interdisciplinary field examining ethical issues in biology, medicine, research, and related technologies.

Free Elective

A course a student may choose outside core requirements; Bioethics is offered as such to Biology majors in the referenced university.

Science, Technology, and Society (STS)

A general education subject that explores how science and technology influence and are influenced by society.

International Journal of Ethics Education

The academic journal in which Yap-Figueras’ (2019) study on biology students’ bioethical convictions was published.

Catholic Tertiary Institution

A higher-education institution affiliated with the Catholic Church, often integrating Bioethics into course offerings.

Non-Sectarian University

A university with no religious affiliation; may offer Bioethics as an elective rather than a required course.