PVCC BIO 201 Lab Exam 1

simple squamous epithelium

function: allows materials to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important, secretes lubricating substances in serosae

location:air sacs of lungs, kidney glomeruli, lining of hear, blood vessels

simple cuboidal epithelium

Function: secretion and absorption

Location: Kidney tubules; ducts and secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface.

simple columnar epithelium

Function: Absorption; secretion of mucus, enzymes, and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus (or reproductive cells) by ciliated action.

Location: nonciliated type lines most of the digestive tract (stomach to anal canal), gallbladder and excretory ducts of some glands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus.

pseudo stratified columnar epithelium

Function: Secretes substances, particularly mucus; propulsion of mucus by ciliary action.

Location: Nonciliated type in male's sperm-carrying ducts and ducts of large glands; ciliated variety lines the trachea, most of the upper respiratory tract.

stratified squamous epithelium

Function: protects underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion

Location: nonkeratinized type forms the moist lining of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina; keratinized type forms the epidermis of the skin, a dry membrane.

stratified cuboidal epithelium

Function: protection

Location: Largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands.

stratified columnar epithelium

Function: protection and secretion

Location: rare in the body; small amounts in male urethra and in large ducts of some glands

transitional epithelium

function: stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine

Location: lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra

mesenchyme

Function: gives rise to all other connective tissue types

Location: primarily in embryo

areolar connective tissue

Function: wraps and cushions organs

Location: widely distributed under epithelia of body (surrounds capillaries)

adipose connective tissue

Function: provides reserve fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs

Location: under skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, within abdomen, in breasts.

reticular connective tissue

Function: Fibers form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types, including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages.

Location: Lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen).

dense regular connective tissue

Function: attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction

Location: tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses

dense irregular connective tissue

Function: able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength

Location: fibrous capsules of organs and joints; dermis of the skin; submucosa of digestive tract

elastic connective tissue

Function: allows recoil of tissue following stretching; maintains pulsatile flow of blood through arteries; aids passive recoil of lungs following inspiration

Location: walls of large arteries; within certain ligaments associated with vertebral column, within the walls of the bronchial tubes

hyaline cartilage

Function: supports and reinforces; has resilient cushioning properties; resists compressive stress

Location: forms most of the embryonic skeleton; covers the ends of long bones in joint cavities; forms the costal cartilages of the ribs, cartilages of the nose, trachea, and larynx.

elastic cartilage

function: maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility

location: supports the external ear; epiglottis

fibrocartilage

Function: Tensile Strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock

Location: Intervertebral discs; pubic symphysis; discs of knee joint

bones (osseous tissue)

Function: bone supports and protects (by enclosing); provides levers for the muscles to act on; stores calcium and other minerals and fat; marrow inside bones is site for blood cell formation (hematopoiesis)

Location: Bones

bones (osseous tissue)

blood

Function: transport of respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and other substances

Location: contained within blood vessels

nervous tissue

function: neurons transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and to effects; supporting cells support and protect neurons

skeletal muscle

Function: Voluntary movement; locomotion; manipulation of the environment; facial expression; voluntary control.

Location: In skeletal muscles attached to bones or occasionally to skin.

cardiac muscle

Function: As it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation; involuntary control.

Location: The walls of the heart.

smooth muscle

function:propels substances or a baby along internal passageways; involuntary control.

location: mostly in the walls of hollow organs

epidermis layers

stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

the outermost layer consisting of 20-30 layers of dead scalelike keratinocytes

stratum corneum

clear layer, present only in thick skin, a very thin transparent band of flattened dead keratinocytes

stratum lucidum

a thin layer named for abundant granules in the cell which are lamellar granules and keratohyaline granules

stratum granulosum

several layers of cells that contain thick, weblike bundles of intermediate filaments mad of pre-keratin protein. cells appear spiky

stratum spinsoum (spiny layer)

a sing row of cells immediately above the dermis that are constantly undergoing mitosis to form new cells

stratum basale

papillary dermis and reticular dermis

dermis layers

the most superficial dermal region composed of areolar connective tissue. Has dermal papillae which are fingerlike protections from its superior surface. produce fingerprints

papillary dermis

the deepest skin layer that is composed of dense irregular connective tissue and contains arteries and veins and pressure receptors knows as lamellar corpuscles

reticular dermis

dermis

left side: hair shaft, epidermis, papillary layer, reticular layer, subcutaneous layer, sensory nerve fiber with free nerve endings, lamellar corpuscle, hair follicle receptor

right side: dermal papillae, subpapillary vascular plexus, sweat pore, eccrine sweat gland, arrestor pili muscle, sebaceous gland, hair follicle, hair root

meissner's corpuscle

hair follicle

melanocyte

tactile epithelial cell

9.

dendritic cell