IB Geography - Case Study - Shanghai Overpopulation

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What are 4 major problems Shanghai is faced with at the moment

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1

What are 4 major problems Shanghai is faced with at the moment

  • Road Congestion

  • Poverty/Overpopulation

  • Air pollution

  • Lack of clean water

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2

How is road congestion an issue

1 in 10 people own cars per 1000 people so a large majority of the 29.87 million living in Shanghai are on the road at one time.

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3

How is air pollution an issue

Huge amounts of congestion +  land and factory pollution fuelled by high population

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4

How is poverty/overpopulation an issue

Rapid economic growth has attracted a large number of migrants, they are discriminated by the Hukou system. Means many of them are stuck in poverty with little means of development.

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5

How is lack of clean water an issue

Only 3% of Shanghai’s river and lake water is clean enough for household use and over half of 2,500 lakes and rivers near the city are heavily polluted. Cancer rates have risen as a result

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6

4 solutions against the road congestion issue

  • Car pooling

  • Car plate restrictions

    • 2-9 seaters banned in some areas at certain times.

    • Violators fined 200 yuan with three points deducted from driver’s licence

  • More public transport/integrated transport

  • Building more bridges

    • more space on the roads as cars can be spread out vertically.

    • Unsustainable when thinking about secondary effects of road congestion.

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7

solutions against the air pollution issue

Government Mandate :The Shanghai Clean Air Action Plan.

  • Personal penalties for company bosses of up to RMB 100,000

  • Maximum fines for companies (RMB 500,000).

  • The prohibition on burning straw/bonfires extended to all of Shanghai.

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8

solutions against the overpopulation/poverty issue

  • new urban areas,(Jing-Jin-Ji region) pushed towards the public.

    • Safer and nicer than the overcrowded slums.

  • Some government officials put funding into the general management of city.

    • By upgrading urban infrastructure and providing more education, opportunities, healthcare and hospitals

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9

solutions against the lack of clean water issue

GOV stated in 2022 they would spend 2 trillion yuan ($327 billion) to clean China’s polluted water

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