Hardware

by RR, edited by JM

Rough Hardware

Hardware meant to be concealed.

Finish Hardware

Hardware that has finished appearance as well as a function. May be considered part of the decorative treatment of a room or building.

Rough Hardware

Bolts, nails, screws, spikes, and other metal fittings.

Finish Hardware

Hinges, locks, catches, etc.

Nails

Straight, slender pieces of metal having one end pointed and the other enlarged and flattened for hammering into wood or other building materials as a fastener.

Penny (d)

Term for nail lengths

2 ; 60

Nails range in length from ___d, about 1" (25) long, to ___d, about 6" (150) long.

three

Nail length should be about ______ times thickness of the material being secured.

Large Diameter Nails

these nails are used for heavy work

Lighter Nails

these nails are used for finished work

diamond-pointed nails

Most nails have this kind of point

sharp-pointed nails

These kind of nails have greater holding strength but may tend to split some woods

blunt-pointed nails

These kind of nails should be used for easily split woods

sharp-pointed nails

diamond-pointed nails

blunt-pointed nails

Common Nail

A cut or wire low-carbon steel nail, having a slender plain shank and a medium diamond point

Common Nail

Nail used in work where finish is unimportant, as in framing.

Finishing Nail

Slender nail made from finer wire than the common nail; has a brad-type head which permits it to be set below the surface of the wood, leaving only a small hole which can be puttied easily, used in finishing work.

Brad Nail

A small finishing nail, usually of the same thickness throughout, with a head that is almost flush with the sides or a head that projects slightly to one side.

Box Nail

Similar to a common nail but thinner; has a long shank which may be smooth or barbed.

Casing Nail

A slender nail with a small, slightly flared head used for finishing work.

Ring-Shank Nail

A nail having a number of ring-like grooves around the shank to increase its holding power.

Clinch/Clench Nail

Any nail designed for clinching, after driving.

Clinching

Process used in securing a nail, staple, screw or bolt, by hammering the protruding point so that it is bent over.

Roofing Nail

A short nail having a barbed or ring shank and a comparatively large flat head; may be galvanized or bright; often provided with a neoprene, lead, or plastic washer; used to secure roofing felt or shingles to a roof-deck or roof boards.

Metal Lath Nail

A a nail designed for securing a metal lath (a base for plaster)

Electrician’s Staple Nail

A u-shaped piece of metal or heavy wire, with pointed ends, driven into a surface to secure a sheet material, hold a hasp, etc.

Concrete Nail

A hardened steel nail having a flat countersunk head and a diamond point; used for nailing to concrete or masonry.

Masonry Nail

A hardened steel nail with a knurled or fluted shank; esp. used for fastening to masonry.

Common Nail

Type of Nails

Finishing Nail

Type of Nails

Brad Nail

Type of Nails

Box Nail

Type of Nails

Casing Nail

Type of Nails

Ring-Shank Nail

Type of Nails

Clinch/Clench Nail

Type of Nails

Roofing Nail

Type of Nails

Metal Lath Nail

Type of Nails

Electrician’s Staple Nail

Type of Nails

Concrete Nail

Type of Nails

Masonry Nail

Type of Nails

Flooring Nail

Type of Nails

Cut Nail

Type of Nails

Double-headed Nails

Type of Nails

Spikes

Type of Nails

Power-driven Studs

Type of Nails

Flooring Nail

Used for fastening floor boards.

Cut Nail

Used for wood flooring.

Double-headed Nails

Used for temporary structures.

Spikes

Used for fastening heavy timbers.

Power-driven Studs

Used for driving into concrete or steel

Face-nailing, Blind-nailing, Toe-nailing

Types of nail construction

Face-nailing

Nailing in which the nails are driven perpendicular to the face of the material.

Blind-nailing

Also called concealed or secret nailing. Nailing in such a way that the nail heads are not visible on the face of the work. In finished roofing, the use of nails that are not exposed to the weather.

Toe-nailing

Also called skew or tusk nailing. Nailing obliquely to the surfaces being joined.

Screws

These are externally threaded fasteners. They have greater holding power than nails, and are more easily removable because of their threaded shafts.

1/8” ; 1/2 ; 2/3

The length of a wood screw should be about ____" (3) less than the combined thickness of the boards being joined, with ___ to ___ of the screw’s length penetrating the base material.

Hardwoods

Fine-threaded screws are generally used for _________.

Softwoods

coarse-threaded ones are used for __________.

Fine-threaded Screws

Screws that are generally used for hardwoods

Coarse-threaded Screws

Screws that are generally used for softwoods

Use, Type of Head, Material, Lengths, Diameters

Screws are classified by:

steel, brass, aluminum, bronze, stainless steel

Materials for screws

1/2" to 6" (13 to 150)

Lengths for screws

up to 24 gauge

Diameters for screws.

Wood Screw

A helically threaded metal fastener having a pointed end; forms its own mating thread when driven into wood or other resilient material.

Metal Screw

Fastened by screwing into metal.

Lag Screw, Lag Bolt, Coach Screw

A bolt having a square head and a thin, coarse-pitched thread.

Screw Anchors

An anchor (similar to an expansion bolt) having a metal shell with a screw along its central axis; when the shell is placed in a hole and the screw is driven in, the shell expands, tightly securing the anchor in the hole.

Screw Anchors

Locally called a tux screw with a plastic shell.

Tekscrew

A screw used to fasten metal roofing sheets to the purlins

Wood Screw

Type of Screw

Drywall Screw

Type of Screw

Machine Screw

Type of Screw

Self-tapping Screw

Type of Screw

Sheet Metal Screw

Type of Screw

Cap Screw

Type of Screw

Set Screw

Type of Screw

Flat head

Type of Screw

Oval Head

Type of Screw

Round head

Type of Screw

Truss head

Type of Screw

Pan head

Type of Screw

Fillister head

Type of Screw

Bugle head

Type of Screw

Security head

Type of Screw

Slotted head

Type of Screw

Phillips head

Type of Screw

Allen head

Type of Screw

Square drive

Type of Screw

Bolts

A metallic pin or rod having a head on one end and an external thread on the other for screwing up a nut; used for holding members or parts of members together.

Nut

A short metal block having a central hole which is threaded to receive a bolt, screw, or other threaded part.

Lock Nut

Castellated Nut

Cap Nut

Spring-lock Washer

External-tooth Lock Washer

Machine Bolt

A threaded bolt having a straight shank and a conventional head such as a square, hexagonal, button, or countersunk type.

Stove bolt

A bolt with a slotted head, used in the assembly of wood-burning stoves constructed from sheet metal.