Vocabulary Flashcards: Textual Aids, Graphs, Author's Purpose, Literature, Listening, Plate Tectonics, Weathering, Health, Fitness, Art Movements

A curated set of vocabulary terms across textual aids, data displays, author’s purpose, literature, listening, plate tectonics, weathering, health, fitness, and art movements.

Textual aids

Tools or materials that support texts and emphasize essential phrases, thoughts, graphs, and images.

Graphic organizers

Visual displays of information used to visualize and organize ideas within a concept.

Descriptive/Thematic Map

A map that highlights descriptive or thematic information and relationships.

Network Tree

A tree diagram showing the relation of each item to sort and classify.

Spider Map

A brainstorming/organizational tool showing the relationship between the main idea and details.

Concept Map

A visual diagram showing relationships among concepts.

Problem and Solution Map

A graphic organizer that includes the laws and principles used at each stage to solve a problem.

Problem and Solution Outline

A method for organizing ideas for developing essays using problem-solution development.

Sequential Episodic Map

A map that helps compare different solutions to a problem.

Ishikawa Diagram

Also called a Fishbone Map; tracks root causes of problems, defects, or failures.

Fishbone Map

Another name for Ishikawa Diagram; a cause-and-effect diagram.

Comparative and Contrastive Map

A visual display showing relationships between facts, terms, and ideas.

Continuum Scale

A scale ranging from less to more; low to high; few to many.

Series of Events Chain

Organizes information according to stages or steps.

Cycle Map

Organizes information with no exact start or end.

Non-Linear Texts

Texts with visuals (graphs, diagrams, charts, tables) that can alter the reading path; text and visuals are combined.

Pie Chart

A circular chart that shows parts of a whole.

Line Graph

A graph that shows data trends over time.

Table

A grid that arranges data for easy comparison.

Pictogram

A pictorial representation of data.

Bar Graph

A graph used for comparisons; bars show frequency; bars touch to indicate continuous data.

Histogram

A bar graph displaying the distribution of continuous data; no gaps between bars.

Author's Purpose

The reason an author writes: to persuade, inform, express, or entertain.

Persuade

To convince the audience of a point or action.

Inform

To convey facts or information.

Entertain

To engage or amuse the audience.

Characterization

How characters are shaped through dialogue, actions, thoughts, and interactions.

Plot

The sequence of main events in a story.

Character

A person presented in a narrative.

Setting

The time and place in which a story occurs.

Point of View

The narrator's perspective; who is telling the story and from what vantage point.

Theme

The main idea or underlying meaning of a literary work.

Analytical Listening

Listening to analyze information to understand deeply and respond effectively.

Literary Text

Imaginative writing that uses language and devices to entertain and convey emotion.

Nonliterary Text

Informational or persuasive writing that uses factual, straightforward language.

Verbal

Spoken or written words.

Non-Verbal

Cues other than words, such as tone, facial expressions, gestures, posture, and eye contact.

Eye Contact

Non-verbal cue of looking at someone to show attention.

Personal Space

The physical distance maintained between people during interaction.

Body Language

Posture and movements that convey meaning.

Barriers to Communication

Obstacles that impede effective communication.

Physical Barrier

Noise or distance that interferes with communication.

Psychological Barrier

Stress or biases that hinder understanding.

Semantic Barrier

Language differences or jargon that impede comprehension.

Cultural Barrier

Norms and traditions that affect communication.

Technological Barrier

Poor connectivity or over-reliance on digital tools.

Volcanoes

Active volcanic sites, often located near convergent/divergent boundaries; associated with the Pacific Ring of Fire.

Subduction

One tectonic plate sinks beneath another into the mantle, forming trenches and volcanic arcs.

Convergent Boundary

Two plates move toward each other; features include trenches, mountains, and volcanoes.

Divergent Boundary

Two plates move apart; features include mid-ocean ridges and Rift Valleys.

Transform Boundary

Two plates slide past each other; faults and earthquakes.

Seafloor Spreading

New crust forms at mid-ocean ridges as magma rises.

Ridge Push

Gravity-driven force that pushes plates away from mid-ocean ridges.

Slab Pull

Sinking subducting plate pulls the rest of the plate with it.

Orogeny

Mountain-building event when continental plates collide.

Mantle

Layer between crust and core; convection drives plate movement.

Continental Drift Theory

Wegener's idea that continents drift; evidence includes fit and fossils.

Mesosaurus

Fossil evidence found on now-separated continents.

Paleoclimate Evidence

Past climate indicators like glacial deposits and coal in unlikely locations.

Magnetic Stripes

Symmetrical patterns of magnetic polarity on either side of mid-ocean ridges.

GPS Data

Modern measurements showing continents still move (2–10 cm/year).

Weathering

Mechanical and chemical breakdown of rocks at Earth's surface.

Deposition

Laying down eroded material in a new location.

Erosion

Movement of sediment from one place to another.

Mass Wasting

Downhill movement of large masses of rock or soil due to gravity.

Gravity

The force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth; drives mass wasting.

Water

Agent of erosion; carries sediments.

Wind

Air movement that erodes and shapes landscapes.

Ice/Glaciers

Masses of ice that move slowly and erode landscapes.

Impressionism

A 20th-century movement in music and art emphasizing color and atmosphere.

Expressionism

An art/music movement emphasizing emotion, dissonance, and individual perspective.

Cubism

Art movement that breaks objects into geometric shapes and multiple perspectives.

Fauvism

Art movement known for bold, non-naturalistic color and expressive forms.

Dadaism

Art movement challenging norms with readymades and provocative works.

Surrealism

Art movement exploring dreamlike, subconscious imagery.

Neoprimitivism

A movement blending primitive and modern approaches; emphasis on raw, simplified forms.

Pop Art

Art movement using commonplace imagery from popular culture.

OP Art

Art movement using optical illusions and geometric patterns.

Installation Art

Art that transforms a space using diverse materials to affect viewer experience.

Performance Art

Art where the action of the artist or performers constitutes the work.

Monet

Key Impressionist painter famous for landscapes and light effects.

Picasso

Pioneer Cubist painter known for breaking objects into geometric shapes.

Duchamp

Artist known for pioneering Dada and Readymades.

Matisse

Fauvist artist known for bold color and simplified forms.

Dali

Surrealist painter renowned for dreamlike, symbolic imagery.

Kandinsky

Abstract artist associated with color and form; synesthetic ideas.

Vasarely

Pioneer of Op Art, using geometric patterns to create optical effects.

Warhol

Leading Pop Artist known for mass-produced imagery and the factory approach.

Pollock

Abstract expressionist known for action painting and energetic technique.

Strength Training

Physical training focusing on increasing muscular strength through resistance.

Water

Vital nutrient and fluid; essential for hydration and performance.

Carbohydrates

Main energy source; should come from natural, unrefined sources.

Protein

Macronutrient important for tissue repair and growth; essential with strength training.

Fruits and Vegetables

Nutrient-dense foods rich in vitamins, minerals, and fiber.

Grains

Whole grains recommended for energy and fiber.

Dairy

Milk products; source of calcium and protein; consider lactose tolerance.

Added Sugar

Sugar added during processing; provide calories with little to no nutrients.

Solid Fats

Fats solid at room temperature; include butter and certain oils; monitor intake.

Sodium

Essential in small amounts, but excess raises blood pressure.

FITT Principle

Guides exercise programming: Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type.