Osteology vet tech

Osteology

The study of bones

Bone characteristics

• Connective tissue

• second hardest substance in the body

• capacity to heal - living tissue

the biological process of creating new blood cells and platelets in the body

Hematopoiesis

Bone Function

• support: supports muscular structure

• protection: protects organs

• Leverage: allows muscle to move the body

• Storage: Stores minerals such as calcium

• Blood formation: Hematopoiesis

Bone is composed of a sparse amount of cells that are embedded in a hard, intercellular substance called what?

Matrix

Osteoblasts

Cells that produce bone

Ossification

The osteoblasts harden the matrix

Osteoblasts can become?

Osteocytes

what surrounds the surface of bones and contains osteoblasts

Periosteum

Cancellous

Spongy bone that have trabeculae (Bony spicules) that allows the skeleton to be lighter

Cortical

Compact bone that has canals and channels going through them

Types of Bones

Cancellous & Cortical

An entry point in long bone for large blood vessels and nerves

Nutrient foramen

Red bone marrow

Hematopoietic

Bone Shapes

• Short

• Long

• Flat

• Irregular

An example of an Irregular bone?

Sesamoid bones: A bone embedded withing a tendon near the knee

Miscellaneous Bones

• Pneumatic

• visceral

Pneumatic

Visceral

Bony features

• Projections

• depressions

• holes

• grooves

• ridges

What is the purpose of bony features

• joint surfaces have “articular processes” where bones form joints between each other

• where muscles and ligaments attach

• tendons press against them

• vessels and nerves run through them

Articular Projections

• Head

• condyle

• Trochlea

• Facet

Processes

• process

• tuberocity

• tubercle

• spine

• crest

• neck

• line

Holes and depressed areas

• Foramen

• Fossa

Condyle - rounded

Articular surface

Spherical head