study guide to prcc sociology exam SU pt2

Interalization

the process of learning cultural behaviors and expectations so deeply that we accept them without question.

Socialization

the lifelong process through which people learn culture and become functioning members of society.

Socialization agents

the individuals, groups, or institutions that teach us how to participate effectively in society.

erving goffman (impression management

Providing information and cues to others to present ourselves in a favorable light

Definition of social institutions

established and enduring patterns of social behavior that organize society and meet its fundamental needs

Total Institutions,

is an isolated and enclosed social system that controls most aspects of its participants lives (prisons, mental hospitals, nursing homes); most intense form of resocialization

Resocialization

_____ is the process of unlearning old ways of doing things and adopting new attitudes, values, norms, and behavior.

Ascribed,

a social position that a person is born into.

Achieved status

a social position that a person attains through personal effort or assumes voluntarily.

Master status

overrides other statuses and forms an important part of a person's social identity.

, role conflict

difficulties in playing two or more contradictory roles.

Role strain

difficulties due to conflicting demands within the same role.

Definition of deviance

a violation of social norms.

When does deviance become a crime?

Know basic differences between different types of crime (section 7-2)

Anomie

the condition in which people are unsure how to behave because of absent, conflicting, or confusing social norms.

Differential association theory,

strain theory

asserts that people learn deviance through interaction, especially with significant others.

social control theory

the techniques and strategies that regulate people's behavior in society.

labeling theory

posits that society's reaction to behavior is a major factor in defining oneself or others as deviant.

strain theory

people may engage in deviant behavior when they experience a conflict between goals and the means available to obtain the goals.