M2L1 - Viral vaccines

Virus

This is an acellular microorganism, requiring other organisms to multiply

Airborne viruses

This includes influenza, measles, SarsCOV-2

Food and water-borne viruses

This includes gastroenteritis, polio

Direct-contact viruses

This includes HIV, hepatitis

Zoonotic viruses

This includes avian flu, rabies, haemorrhagic fever

Arthropod-borne viruses

This includes dengue, encephalitis

Vaccine

This is a preparation of a whole/part of a microbe that induces an immune response

Monovalent vaccine

This is a vaccine that inoculates against one pathogen, requiring 1-3 doses to maintain immunity

Multivalent vaccine

This is a vaccine that inoculates against one pathogen with multiple strains

Combination vaccine

This is a vaccine that inoculates against multiple pathogens

Antibody

This binds to the surface of a pathogen when it is detected, produced when novel pathogens are detected in the body

Memory cell

This is a type of immune cell that remembers pathogens and mounts a response if the pathogen is detected in the body again

Attenuation

This is the process of reducing viral virulence while maintaining replication ability

VLP

This is a non-replicating viral structure without a genome, recognised by the immune system as a true virus

Immunogenic

This means that something is recognised by the immune system and causes a response