PCR 16

Skin has the following protecting mechanisms ___.

keratinocytes that become protective outer layer, Langerhans cells that function as antigen-presenting cells, macrophages in the dermis, dendritic cells for immunity, lysozyme and sebaceous glands

sebaceous site

Propionibacterium

moisture site

Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium

dry site

Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter

Invasive medical devices such as catheters, prostheses and heart valves can colonize with __.

 

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Which is caused ONLY by Staphylococcus aureus?

furuncle/carbuncle, scalded skin syndrome, toxic shock syndrome

has red, wrinkled and tender skin; epidermis may peel

scalded skin syndrome

has systemic symptoms such as fever, vomiting, watery diarrhea, sore throat, muscle aches, and sunburn-like rash

toxic shock syndrome

treated with benzoyl peroxide, retinoids

acne

has painful single or cluster of boils

furuncle/carbuncle

is caused by vaginal tampons; skin wounds, and surgery

toxic shock syndrome

caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes

impetigo

has thin-walled blisters forming a crust

impetigo

has comedones

acne

treated by incision and drainage

furuncle

caused by Probionibacterium acnes

acne

characterized by an abrupt onset of fiery-red swelling of the face or extremities

erysipelas

is treated by hydration, administration of vasopressors, removal of tampons, and incision and drainage of abscesses

streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

has fever with pain and swelling at the wound site

necrotizing fasciitis

flesh-eating disease

necrotizing fasciitis

has symptoms of high fever, hypotension, rash, desquamation, and evidence of multiple organ system involvement

streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

involves dermal and upper subcutaneous layers of the skin

erysipelas

is caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

burn infections

are well-defined indurated margins, particularly along the nasolabial fold; rapid progression; intense pain

erysipelas

An 18-year-old woman who reports unprotected sex with a new partner 2 weeks previously develops fever and left lower quadrant abdominal pain with onset in association with er menstrual period. On pelvic examination in the emergency department, she has bilateral tenderness when the uterus is palpated. A mass 2-3 cm in diameter is felt on the left, suggestive of tubo-ovarian abscess. Subsequently, Neisseria gonorrheae is cultured from her endocervix. The diagnosis is gonococcoid pelvic inflammatory disease. A common sequela of this infection is:

Infertility

can cause herpes encephalitis, keratitis, and seizure

HSV 1&2

are treated by acyclovir

HSV 1&2

its symptoms can come back by the virus is reactivated when stressed

HSV1

are viruses that remains in the nerve tissue after recovery from primary infection

HSV 1&2

cause cold sores on the lip

HSV1

can cause genital herpes or neonatal herpes

HSV2

expresses body rash after high fever

roseola

is caused by HHV 8, forming dark or purple skin lesions

Kaposi sarcoma

is caused by human herpesvirus 6

roseola

does not require medicine to treat the disease

roseola

most commonly seen in immunocompromised patients such as AIDS

Kaposi sarcoma

causes Chickenpox and Shingles

VZV

has fever with pale pink maculopapular rash beginning on the face and spreading to the body trunk and extremities

rubella

has maculopapular rash that starts at the hairline, faces and spreads to the trunk and extremities

measles

has red facial rashes fading within 7 to 10 days

erythema infectiosum

has symptoms such as hacking cough, runny nose, eye redness, and a high fever

measles

has enlarged salivary glands, or the parotid gland

mumps

has Koplik spot on the oral mucous membrane as a pathognomonic sign

measles

requires vaccination before pregnancy

rubella

has complications of orchitis

mumps

nonimmune adults can suffer from joint pains similar to rheumatoid arthritis

erythema infectiosum

has complications of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, Paget’s disease of the bone, and ear infection or pneumonia

measles

is caused by human parvovirus B19

erythema infectiosum

has complication to cause cataracts, glaucoma, deafness, or heart defects

rubella

caused by HPV-16, HPV-18, and -45

cervical cancer (HPV-associated cancer)

caused by HPV-1, HPV-4

common warts

is diagnosed by Pap smear

cervical cancer (HPV-associated cancer)

has cauliflower-like bumps in the anogenital region

condyloma acuminatum

caused by HPV-6, HPV-11

condyloma acuminatum

Which is developed by sexual contact?

condyloma acuminatum, cervical cancer (HPV-associated cancer), molluscum contagiosum

A 19-year-old female college student has a fever, sore throat, and lymphadenopathy accompanied by lymphocytosis with typical cells and an increase in sheep cell agglutinins. The diagnosis is most likely 

 

infectious mononucleosis

Dermatophytosis can be treated by

commercial powders to make skin dry, acids, tolnaftate, miconazole for skin infection, griseofulvin orally administered for nails and hair infection

caused by L. major

cutaneous leishmaniasis

caused by L. donovani

visceral leishmaniasis

is called black fever or kala azar

visceral leishmaniasis

has symptoms such as skin sore, which resembles a volcano with a raised edge and central crater

cutaneous leishmaniasis

transmitted by sandfly

cutaneous leishmaniasis, visceral leishmaniasis

has symptoms such as fever, swollen spleen and liver, progressive anemia, and emaciation

visceral leishmaniasis

treated by stibogluconate

cutaneous leishmaniasis, visceral leishmaniasis

prevented by protecting skin from sand fly bites

cutaneous leishmaniasis, visceral leishmaniasis

Which organism is causing eye problem

Neisseria gonorrheae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pneumococci