Chemistry Module 14 Phase 1: Atomic Structure and Isotopic Symbols

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers the fundamental concepts of atomic structure, subatomic particle properties, and isotopic notation as outlined in the Module 14 Phase 1 Chemistry Blueprint.

Chemical Symbols

Notations used to represent elements, often derived from their historical or Latin names.

Element

A substance that is uniquely defined by its proton number.

Atom

The basic unit of a chemical element, characterized by its behavior, subatomic structure, and a specific size (e.g., the size of a hydrogen atom).

Nucleus

The central region of an atom that contains the protons and neutrons and holds the majority of the atom's mass.

Nucleons

The collective term for the protons and neutrons located within the nucleus.

Proton

A subatomic particle located in the nucleus with a relative charge of $+1$ that defines the identity of an element.

Neutron

A subatomic particle found in the nucleus with a relative charge of $0$ and a relative mass of $1$, which does not deflect in an electric field.

Electron

A negatively charged subatomic particle that occupies electron shells (energy levels) and deflects toward the positive plate in an electric field.

Electron Shells

Also referred to as energy levels, these are the regions surrounding the nucleus where electrons are distributed.

Proton (Atomic) Number

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, representing the elemental identity.

Nucleon (Mass) Number

The total count of protons and neutrons within an atomic nucleus.

Isotopic Symbol

The standard atomic representation of an element or ion, displaying its nucleon (mass) number, proton (atomic) number, and net electrical charge.

Ion

A species formed when an atom has an unequal number of protons and electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge.

Electrostatic Interactions

The scientific principle used to justify the deflected path of subatomic particles, such as an electron beam, when moving through an electric field.