Unit 3

MOE

Maintenance of Effort; states must spend at least 80% of 1994 public assistance spending to receive full block grants.

PRWORA

Personal Responsibility Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996; created devolution of welfare programs to states through block grants.

TANF

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families; replaces collapsed programs like JOBS, AFDC, and emergency assistance.

EITC

Earned Income Tax Credit; substitutes for low wages, no benefits, healthcare, and retirement.

Goals of PRWORA

1) Money for children at home, 2) Promote self-sufficiency, 3) Reduce out of wedlock births, 4) Maintain two-parent households.

Deductible

Out-of-pocket amount paid for medical services before insurance coverage kicks in.

Copay

Amount paid for a specific medical service after the deductible is met.

Medicare

Federal health insurance for people 65+ or with specific conditions; includes parts A, B, C, and D.

Capitation

Payment method where providers are paid a fixed amount per person, regardless of services rendered.

Medicaid gaps

Barriers such as low eligibility, state refusals of options, and gaps for elderly individuals and those with disabilities.

Block grants

Conservative funding approach where smaller funds are allocated to local governments for specific purposes.

CAPTA

Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1974; defines child abuse, methods for reporting, immunity for reporters, and prevention education.

Battered Child Syndrome

Identified by Dr. Henry Kempe; a condition indicating non-accidental injuries to children.

Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980

Emphasizes permanency planning for children and introduces adoption assistance.

WIC

Women, Infants, and Children program; a federal grant, not an entitlement.

Kids for Cash scandal

Judges Ciavarella and Conahan imprisoned juveniles for minor offenses in exchange for kickbacks.

Healthcare cost drivers

Factors including technology, prescription drugs, lawsuits, and uncompensated care.

Lifetime caps (ACA removal)

Under the Affordable Care Act, lifetime limits on insurance coverage are prohibited.

Affordable Healthcare Act (ACA)

Legislation ensuring healthcare access, preventing denial due to pre-existing conditions and mandating coverage until age 26.

Substance abuse statistics

48% of individuals convicted of crimes had used alcohol prior to the offense.

Child welfare policy terms

Unfounded (no evidence), Founded (true), Indicated (uncertain evidence).

Community Mental Health Center Act

Acts of 1963 and 1965 that shifted mental health treatment from institutions to community-based care.

CRA

Child Reinforcement Act, aiming to bolster enforcement of child support and strengthen parental rights.

Dr. Robert H. Felix

Key figure in establishing the National Institute of Mental Health and advocating for mental health care.

Deinstitutionalization

The process from 1955-1990 that resulted in a 93% decrease in inpatient mental health beds in the U.S.