Introduction to Islam

A set of vocabulary flashcards based on the key concepts and terminology found in the lecture notes about Islam.

Hagar

The surrogate mother of Ishmael, promised by God to be the ancestor of a great nation.

Ishmael

Son of Hagar and Abraham, believed to be the ancestor of the Arab people.

Abrahamic Covenant

The sacred agreement between God and Abraham, promising that Abraham's descendants will become a great nation.

Quraysh

The most powerful clan in Mecca during the time of Muhammad.

Kabah

A pagan shrine in Mecca that attracted pilgrims and brought economic benefits to the Quraysh.

Hijrah

The migration of Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina in 622 C.E., marking the start of the Muslim calendar.

Battle of Badr

A significant battle in 624 C.E. where Muhammad's 313 men defeated the Quraysh army.

Islam

A monotheistic faith founded by Muhammad based on revelations received from God, emphasizing submission to Allah.

Five Pillars of Islam

The foundational acts of worship and practice in Islam, including Shahadah, Salat, Zakat, Sawm, and Hajj.

Sufism

A mystical Islamic tradition focusing on spiritual growth and union with God through prayer and meditation.

Sunni Islam

The largest sect of Islam, believing in elected leadership and the teachings of Muhammad's Sunnah.

Shi’ah Islam

A sect of Islam that emphasizes the leadership of Imams from the lineage of Muhammad, rejecting the first three caliphs.

Zakat

Mandatory almsgiving, requiring Muslims to give 2.5% of their wealth to those in need.

Sawm

Mandatory fasting during the month of Ramadan, from dawn until dusk.

Hajj

The pilgrimage to Mecca that every Muslim must perform at least once in their lifetime if financially and physically able.

The Qur'an

The holy book of Islam, believed to be the literal word of God as revealed to Muhammad.