Studied by 4 people
social psychology
how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
attribution theory
the idea that we give a casual explanation for someone's behavior - is someone having a bad day or are they a bad person
fundamental attribution error
the tendency to underestimate the impact of a situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition
attitude
a belief or feeling, influenced by our belief that predisposes one to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events
peripheral route persuasion
occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as endorsements by respected people
example - colgate does a commercial and Margot Robbie is saying how well it cleans your teeth, so everyone is influenced and wants to buy it
central route persuasion
occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts
example - a car company emphasizes how the car's good quality safety features should influence people to buy it
foot-in-the-door phenomenon
the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
example - a friend asks you to fix their air ventilation once, then he starts asking you once a month, then he starts asking you to fix his electricity and his stove and etc.
door-in-the-face-phenomenon
the tendency for people who say no to a huge request, to comply to a smaller one
example - your wife doesn't want you to gamble $50, and you tell her you could've gambled either $1,000 or $50 to make $50 not look as bad
role
set of expectations about social position (this affects the attitudes of people)
cognitive dissonance theory
the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent
conformity
adjusting to one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
normative social influence
influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid punishment
informational social influence
influence resulting from one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality
social facilitation
improved performance of tasks in the presence of others
example: home field advantage
social loafing
the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling efforts toward a common goal
deindividuation
the loss of self-awareness and identity when in a group of people to faster arousal and anonymity
group polarization
enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group; people opinions/views become more extreme around others
groupthink
the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony overrides common sense in a decision-making group to avoid any trouble
culture
enduring behaviors, ideas ,etc. shared by a group of people that's transmitted from one generation to the next
norm
an understood rule for accepted and expected behavior
prejudice
an unjustifiable attitude towards a group of people (thought, cognition, attitude)
stereotype
a generalized belief about a group of people
discrimination
unjustifiable actions, two types:
subtle - unjustified assumptions, failure to include people who are like us (ex: questioning the judgment of a female worker, microaggression)
overt - hostility or negative feelings held by someone about a racialized group or person, very much out there (ex: Jim Crow Laws)
implicit racial association
associate positive words with positive objects and vice versa
race-influenced perception
type of implicit prejudice where we assume certain things based on race alone
reflexive bodily responses
people display signals as their body responds selectively to another's race (ex: a woman crosses to the other sidewalk on the other side of the road because a hooded figure is walking her way)
vivid cases (availability heuristic)
tendency to make judgments based on what is available in our short-term memory
just-world phenomenon
believe the world is just; people get what they deserve
ingroup
"us"—people with whom we share a common identity
outgroup
"them" - those perceived as different or apart from our ingroup
ingroup bias
the tendency to favor one's own group
scapegoat theory
the theory that prejudice provides an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame (ex: the Holocaust happened because Hitler blamed the Jewish for the failure of their nation)
other-race effect
the tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races; people of a certain race all look the same; contributes to stereotyping
aggression
any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy
biology of aggression
the amygdala (responsible for fear, rage, anger, and aggression) and the pre-frontal cortex (executive functions) have genetic/neural influences on someones aggression
frustration-aggressive principle
the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal; we fail once and are afraid to never reach our goal (ex: if we are uncomfortably hot, we become irritated and causes aggression)
social script
culturally modeled guide for how to act in various situations; we witness behavior and we replicate it
Note 
Flashcard (85)