Dr. S. Mak LAB 11: HISTOLOGY OF NERVOUS TISSUE

Flashcards covering the histology of nervous tissue, including neuroglia types, neuron structures, and nerve classifications based on Dr. S. Mak's Lab $$11$$.

Neuroglia

Non-neuronal support cells in the nervous system; there are $6$ different types distributed between the CNS and PNS.

Microglia

A type of neuroglia cell found in the CNS that is identified via microscopy.

Astrocytes

A type of neuroglia cell found in the CNS that is identified via microscopy.

Pyramidal cells

Specialized neurons found in the cerebrum.

Dendrite

Branch-like structures of a neuron that receive signals and are labeled on the neuron model.

Cell body

The part of the neuron that contains the nucleus and Nissl bodies.

Nissl bodies

Granular structures in a neuron consisting of rough ER and ribosomes.

Axon hillock

The cone-shaped area of the cell body from which the axon originates.

Neurilemma

The thin sheath around a nerve fiber, associated with Schwann cells.

Axon

The long, slender projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body.

Axonlemma

The plasma membrane specifically covering the axon.

Myelin sheath

An insulating layer around an axon, formed by Schwann cells.

Schwann cells

Cells in the PNS responsible for the formation of the myelin sheath; their nuclei are identified on neuron models.

Nodes of Ranvier

Gaps in the myelin sheath along the axon.

Endoneurium

The connective tissue covering that surrounds an individual neuron or axon within a nerve.

Anaxonic neuron

One of the $4$ structural classifications of neurons.

Bipolar neuron

One of the $4$ structural classifications of neurons.

Unipolar neuron

One of the $4$ structural classifications of neurons.

Multipolar neuron

One of the $4$ structural classifications of neurons.

Sensory (afferent) neuron

A functional classification of a neuron that transmits information toward the CNS.

Interneuron

A functional classification of a neuron that serves as a link between other neurons.

Motor (efferent) neuron

A functional classification of a neuron that transmits information away from the CNS.

Epineurium

The outermost connective tissue covering of a nerve.

Perineurium

The connective tissue covering that surrounds a fascicle within a nerve.

Fascicle

A bundle of neurons or axons within a nerve.