Sikhism

Guru Nanak

Founder of Sikhism, laid the foundation of sikhism: equality and oneness of humanity and god

Guru Angad Dev

Developed the Gurumukhi script (standard writing system for Sikh scripture); started collecting hymns; continued Langar; opened many Sikh schools with a focus on developing literacy

Who is the founder of Sikhism

Where was it founded

When was Sikhism founded

Guru Amar Das

Emphasized importance of langar; gender equality (abolished Sati); evolved customs relating to birth and death ceremonies; Introduced many Sikh ceremonies

Guru Ram Das

Established the city of Amritsar, the home to the Golden Templ (which he also founded), and culture center of sikhism; wrote the hymn for Anand Kuraj ceremony (marriage)

Guru Arjan Dev

Completed the construction of the Golden Temple (brought the Guru Granth Sahib to it); became the first martyred Guru in Sikhism who died for the Sikh faith

Guru Hargobind Sahib

Founded the first Sikh army, emphasizing the use of force for protecting the oppressed; introduced wearing of the swords, kirpans, as a religious garment

Guru Har Rai

Army maintenance; worked on solifidying the teachings of Guru Nanak, emphasizing compassion and service

Guru Harkishan Sahib

Guru at 5 and died at 8; symbol of purity, service, and truth

Guru Teg Bahadur

Sacrificed his life to protect the religious freedom of both Sikhs and Hindus against Islamic rule; founded the town of Anandpur, the second holiest city in Sikhism

Guru Gobind Singh

Last guru; etablished the Khalsa clan, a community of initiated (baptised?) Sikhs committed to upholding the values of Sikhsim; completed and declared the Guru Granth Sahib as the eternal Guru; created the naming conventions Singh and Kaur; created the five K's

Guru Granth Sahib

The holy text of Sikhsim; brought to a place of worship every monring for a ceremony called Prakash (light)

The goal of life

the goal of life is to live in harmony with the divine order of things called hukam; when one practices hukan, they achieve Mukti (union with the divine)

Mukti

freedom from the cycle of reincarnation from living in harmony with the world in our work, families, and communities

What are the two names that Guru Gobind Singh gave to all Sikhs?

Singh (Lion) and Kaur (Princess)

Three pillars of Sikhism

Naam Simran - rememberance of Vahi Guru

Kirat Karni - moral behaviour (choosing a job that is ethical, while also behaving ethical in other parts of life)

Vand Ke Chakna - sharing one's wealth with other

Naam Karan

Naming ceremony for infants, wherein the Guru Granth Sahib is opened at random and the first letter of the first word on that page becomes the first letter of the child's name

Amrit Sanshkaar

The ceremony of initiation (baptism), wherein the Sikh person commits to their faith and becomes a member of the Khalsa

Anand Karaj

the wedding ceremony or "ceremony of bliss," wherein the couple walks around the Guru Granth Sahib while wedding hymns are sung

Antam Shanshkaar

The funeral ceremony, wherein the family mourns privately and might sing the Akhand Path

Japji Sahib

morning prayer; statement of Sikh philosophy

Jaap Sahib

second morning prayer; A prayer of praise to Vahi Guru

Tav Prasad Sawaiya

a statement of 10 core principles of Sikhism

Rehras Sahib

Evening prayers

Sohila Sahib

Prayer of praises

Panj Kakaar - Five K's

The symbols worn by Khalsa members

Kesh

Uncut hair

Kangha

wooden comb

Kara

steel bracelet

Kaccha

Cotton underwear

Kirpan

Steel sword

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